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Biologly Chapter 5.1
Biologly Chapter 5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Passive Transport | The movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell. |
| Diffusion | The movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density. |
| Concentration Gradient | A difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance. |
| Equilibrium | In biology, a state that exists when concentration of a substance is the same throughout a space. |
| Osmosis | The diffusion of water or another solvent from a more dilute solution (of a solute) to a more concentrated solution (of a solute) through a membrane that is permeable to the solvent. |
| Hypotonic | Describes a solution whose solute concentration is lower than the solute concentration inside the cell. |
| Hypertonic | Describes a solution whose solute concentration is higher than the solute concentration inside a cell. |
| Isotonic | Describes a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration inside a cell. |
| contractile Vacuole | In protists, an organelle that accumulates water an then releases it periodically to maintain osmotic pressure. |
| Turgor Pressure | The pressure that is exerted on the inside of cell walls and that is caused by the movement of water into the cell. |
| Plasmolysis | The contraction or shrining of the cell membrane of a plant cell in a hypertonic solution in response to the loss of water by osmosis. |
| Cytolysis | The bursting of a cell. |
| Facilitated Diffusion | The transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins. |
| Carrier Protein | A protein that transports substances across a cell membrane. |
| Ion Channel | A complex of protein molecules in a cell membrane that form a pore through which ions can pass. |
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