Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 5
Biology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| passive transport | the movement of substances across the cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell |
| diffusion | the movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density |
| concentration gradient | a difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance |
| equilibrium | a state that exists when the concentration of a substance is the same throughout a space |
| osmosis | the diffusion of water or another solvent from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution through a membrane that is permeable to the solvent |
| hypotonic | describes a solution whose solute concentration is lower than the solute concentration inside a cell |
| hypertonic | describes a solution whose solute concentration is higher than the solute concentration inside the cell |
| isotonic | describes a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration inside a cell |
| contractile vacuole | in protists, an organelle that accumulates water and then releases it periodically to maintain osmotic pressure |
| turgor pressure | the pressure that is exerted in the inside of cell walls and that is caused by the movement of water into the cells |
| plasmolysis | the concentration or shrinking of the cell membrane of a plant cell in a hypertonic solution in response to the loss of water by osmosis |
| cytolysis | the soluble portion of the cytoplasm, which includes molecules and small particles, such as ribosomes, but not the organelles covered with membranes |
| facilitated diffusion | the transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins |
| carrier protein | a protein that transports substances across a cell membrane |
| ion channel | a complex of protein molecules in a cell membrane that form a pore through which ions can pass |
| active transport | the movement of chemical substances, usually across the cell membrane, against a concentration gradient; requires cells to use energy |
| sodium-potassium pump | a carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions in to the cell |
| endocytosis | the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell |
| vesicle | a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cells; forms when part of the cell membrane surrounds the materials to be taken into the cell or transported within the cell |
| pinocytosis | a method of active transport across the cell membrane in which the cell takes in extracellular fluids |
| phagocytosis | the process by which a cell engulfs large particles or whole cells , either as a defense mechanism or as a means to obtain food |
| phagocyte | a cell that ingests and destroys (digest) foreign matter or microorganisms |
| exocytosis | the process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out |
Created by:
devolvej