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EBR EMS
EBR EMS Chapter 13 Definitions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| AIDS | disease in which the HIV virus attacks the T cells, thereby compromising the body's immune system |
| antibodies | substance produced by the body that destroys or inactivates a specific substance that has entered the body |
| antigen | substance that, when introduced into the body, causes formation of antibodies against it |
| adenoid | glandlike; adenoids or pharyngeal tonsils, are paired lymphoid structures in the nasopharynx |
| anaphylactic shock | shock resulting from a severe allergic reactions, may be fatal |
| B-cell | a lymphocyte; activated B cells develop into plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood |
| cell mediated immunity | resistance to disease organisms resulting from the actions of cells; chiefly sensitized T cells |
| cisterna chylia | an enlarged pouch on the thoracic duct that serves as a storage area for lymph moving toward its point of entry into the venous system |
| clone | any of a family of many identical cells descended from the single "parent" cell |
| combining sites | antigen binding sites, antigen receptor regions on antibody molecule |
| complement | any of several inactive enzymes normally present in blood, which, when activated, kill foreign cells by dissolving them |
| complement cascade | rapid fire series of chemical reactions involving proteins called complements, which are triggered by certain antibody-antigen reactions, and resulting in the formation of tiny protein rings that create holes in a forgein cell and cause its destruction |
| humoral immunity | immunity that is produced when antibodies make antigens unable to harm the body |
| inflammatory response | nonspecific immune process produced in response to injury and resulting in redness, pain, heat, and swelling and promoting movement of white blood cells to the affected area |
| interferon | small proteins produced by the immune system that inhibit virus multiplication |
| interstitial fluid | fluid located in the microscopic spaces between the cells |
| Kupffer cell | macrophage found in spaces between liver cells |
| lymph | specialized fluid formed in the tissue spaces that returns excess fluid and protein molecules to the blood |
| macrophage | phagocytic cells in the immune system |
| memory cells | cells that remains in the reserve in the lymph nodes until its ability to secrete antibodies is needed |
| monoclonal antibodies | specific antibody produced from a population of identical cells |
| nonspecific immunity | protective mechanisms that provide immediate, generic protection against any bacteria, toxin, or other injurious particle |
| plasma cells | cells that secrete copious amounts of antibody into the body |
| specific immunity | protective mechanisms that provide specific protection against certain types of bacteria or toxins |
| splenectomy | surgical removal of the spleen |
| T cell | another name for a T lymphocyte |
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