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Earth's History

TermDefinition
uniformitarianism a principle that geologic processes that occurred in the past can be explained by current geologic processes
climate the weather conditions in an area over a long period of time
fossil the trace or remains of an organism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock
trace fossil a fossilized structure, such as a footprint, that formed in sedimentary rock by animal activity
ice core a long cylinder of ice obtained from drilling through ice caps or ice sheets, used to study past climates
relative dating any method of determining whether an event or object is older or younger than other events or objects
superposition a principle that states that younger rocks lie above older rocks if the layers have not been disturbed
unconformity a break in the geologic record created when rock layers are eroded or when sediment is not deposited for a long period of time
geologic column an ordered arrangement of rock layers that is based on the relative ages of the rocks and in which the oldest rocks are at the bottom
absolute dating any method of measuring the age of an event or object in years
half-life the time required for half of a sample of a radioactive isotope to break down by radioactive decay to form a daughter isotope
radioactive decay the process in which a radioactive isotope tend to break down into a stable isotope of the same element or another element
radiometric dating a method of determining the absolute age of an object by comparing the relative percentages of a radioactive (parent) isotope and a stable (daughter) isotope
Created by: tgiancola
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