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Canada's Geography
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| magma | molten rock inside the earth |
| continental drift | the theory that earth's crust is made of plates, and that they move |
| plates | large pieces of the earth's crust |
| plate tectonics | the idea that magma currents in the mantle move the earth's plates |
| subduction zone | a place where one of earth's plates slides under another |
| topography | natural features of the earth's surface |
| landscape | an area's landforms with its plants, water, ice, and rock |
| elevation | the height of a landform |
| relief | the difference in elevation between points on earth's surface |
| gradient | how steep a slope is |
| geology | the science of the types of rocks and the history of rocks |
| lava | melted rock on the earth's surface |
| convection currents | the cycle of heat that moves magma in the mantle |
| fault | a break in the earth's crust |
| weathering | exposure to weather / the atmosphere - a breaking-down force |
| erosion | wearing-down forces on rock |
| deposition | eroded materials add new shapes - a building-up force |
| mountain building | the building-up force of mountains being made |
| podzol | acidic soil in the Canadian Shield |
| delta | a triangular patch of rich soils, left at the mouth of a river |
| chernozem | rich, black earth in the prairies |
| brown earth | fertile soil in the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Lowlands, made from deposits of sands and clays |
| landform regions | areas of land, separated by: age of rock, type of rock, relief, gradient, processes that shaped the area |
| meteorology | the science of weather |
| climate | patterns of weather over long periods of time |
| latitude | imaginary lines that go across the earth horizontally. The higher the latitude (closer to the equator), the greater the intensity of the sun. |
| jet stream | a high, fast wind that flows east across North America around the Canada-US border |
| dew point | the temperature condensation occurs at |
| front | the leading edge of an air mass |
| rain shadow | east-facing / leeward side of a mountain - dry |
| climate regions | areas that experience similar weather throughout the year |
| environmental lapse rate | the rate of change of temperature with elevation |
| microclimate | a small area whose weather conditions don't match the average conditions around it |
Created by:
mrmcquaid
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