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NUR 622
Heart Sounds
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| S1 Lubb | Mitral and tricuspid valve closing |
| S1 (Best heard) | Apex for Mitral and LLSB for tricuspid |
| S2 Dubb | Aortic and pulmonary valves closing |
| S2 (Best heard) | Right for aortic and left for pulmonic |
| Split S1 | Mitral and tricuspid valves closing at different times. |
| Split S1 (Best heard) | Apex and LLSB |
| Split S1 | Normal sound, but could be abnormal and indicate RBBB |
| Split S2 | Aortic and pulmonary valves closing at different times |
| Split S2 (best heard) | Base Left |
| Splint S2 | Normal: inspiration only Wide Split: mostly inspiration May indicate RBBB or pulmonary HTN Fixed Split: inspiration and expiration equally. SIGN of ATRIAL DEFECT Paradoxical Split: Expiration only: AORTIC STENOSIS and LBBB. |
| S3 "Kentucky" | Ventricles filling with blood |
| S3 "Kentucky"(best heard) | Apex with bell and lying on left side |
| S3 "Kentucky" | Heard immediately after S2 and does not vary with inspiration |
| Physiologic S3 | Normal finding: in children and young adults with increased blood volume(prego,anemic and hyperthyroidism) Disappears when patient sit up |
| Pathological S3 | Ventricular Gallop. Heard in HEART FAILURE MAINLY heard in elderly |
| S4 "Tennessee" | Atrium contracting |
| S4 "Tennessee" (best heard) | Apex with bell laying on left side |
| S4 "Tennessee" | Immediately before S1 |
| Physiological S4 | Can be normal in people over 40 years especially after exercise. |
| Pathological S4 | Atrial Gallop. Indicates poor compliance of ventricles and seen with CAD patients |