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blood & heart
sample exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the viscosity of blood averages | 5 |
| When old rbc's are destroyed, _____ is broken-down. Globin is released and its _____ are recycled. | hemoglobin, amino acids |
| when hemes are broken down they release ______ and a colored substance called _____. | iron, biliverdin |
| biliverdin is converted into a yellow pigments called _____. | bilirubin |
| hemoglobin is composed of protein (globin portion) and the iron-containing group called _____. | heme |
| iron is stored in the liver as _____. | ferritin |
| the first stage in blood clotting ends with the formation of _____. | prothrombinase |
| calcium ions are needed to convert prothrombin to _____ during stage II of clotting | thrombin |
| which AV valve is in the right side of the heart? | tricuspid valve |
| plasminogen is activated by | t-PA |
| describe the sequence for the heart's conducting system | SA node, AV node, AV bundle, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers |
| blood returning to the heart from the lungs enters the _____ | left atrium |
| the QRS complex of an electrocardiogram represents the _____ | depolarization of the ventricles |
| the slow (plateau) part of the heart muscle depolarization is caused by the | inward movement of calcium ions |
| the amount of tension (pressure) that the contacting ventricles must produce to open the semilunar valves is called _____ | afterload |
| what is the formula for determining cardiac output? | cardiac output = stroke volume x heart rate |
| the first heart sound (S1 or lubb) is produced by the | closing of the atrioventricular valves (bicuspid and tricuspid) |
| repolarization of heart muscle is caused by outward movement of _____ | potassium ions |
| increased _____ activity will decrease the heart rate | parasympathetic |
| what chemical is released in the blood that increases heart rate and strength of heartbeat? | adrenaline (epinephrine) |
| epinephrine and norepinephrine will _____ the heart | speed-up |
| cardiac control centers are located in a part of the brain called the _____ | medulla oblongata |
| which ion is needed for blood clotting? | Ca+ |
| hemolytic disease of the newborn occurs when __________ | the Rh+ blood of the first child sensitizes the mother's Rh- blood |
| what part of the heart's conducting system delays the signal (depolarization) for about 0.1 sec before sending it on toward the ventricles? | AV node |
| name the most abundant plasma protieins | albumins |
| rbc formation is called _____ | erythropoiesis |
| the proper name for the heart's pacemaker is the _____ | SA node |
| the contraction phase of the heart's chambers is called _____ | systole |
| the amount of blood in the ventricles before ejection of the stroke volume is the _____ | end diastolic volume (EDV) |
| what chemical converts fibrinogen to fibrin? | thrombin |
| what vitamin is needed to form rbc's? | B12 |
| blood help to regulate our _____ balance | fluid |
| which stem cell gives rise to the most formed elements? | myeloid stem cells |
| plasma is ___%_____and ___%_____ | 91.5% water, 8.5% protiens &solutes |
| the iron containing group of hemoglobin is called | heme |
| myeloid stem cells produce megakaryoblasts which produce_____, which produce_____ | megakaryocytes, platelets |
| which wbc's become a macrophage? | monocyte |
| prothrombinase and calcium convert _____ to _____ | prothrombin, thrombin |
| what part of the heart's conducting system delays the impulses before sending them to the AV bundle? | AV node |
| blood flows from the left atrium through the bicuspid valve into the _____ | left ventricle |
| what is the function of atrial systole? | completes ventricular filling |
| what sympathetic neurotransmitter speeds up the heart? | norepinephrine |
Created by:
ShellyA&P
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