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excretory

ap bio

QuestionAnswer
cartilage fishes and marine invertebrates isotonic with sea water
marine bony fishes have moderate salt level compared to seawater
freshwater bony fishes hypotonic to freshwater
terestrial animals some birds and reptiles have nasal salt glands that excrete concentrated salt solution
eliminating nitrogenous wastes ammonia urea or uric acid
excreting ammonia gills and skin surfaces; bony fish, aquatic invertebrates, amphibians
excreting urea requires energy; terrestrial amphibians and mammals
excreting uric acid requires more energy but is the least toxic; insects, birds, and reptiles
planaria: flame cells contain tufts of cilia that appear to flicker
earthworms: nephridia tubule with a ciliated opening to safely excrete ammonia
insects: malpighian tubules take up metabolic wastes and water from hemolymph
humans: kidneys urine formation
urinary bladder stores urine from kidneys until it passes through the urethra
three regions of kidney renal cortex, renal medulla, renal pelvis
nephrons functional unit of the kidney
nephron pathway glomeruli, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct, bladder
aldosterone increase blood pressure
atrial natriuretis hormone decrease blood pressure
Created by: hcannon19
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