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Soil

TermDefinition
Organic materials anything alive or once living. Examples: Decaying plants and animals, bacteria, insects, etc.
Inorganic materials materials that were never alive. Examples: air, water, bedrock, minerals.
O layer Organic material on top of the soil.
A layer Topsoil, the top most surface of soil, where organisms live and grow. This layer has the most organic material.
B layer Subsoil, beneath the topsoil, where plant roots grow. Less organic matter, more clay.
R layer Bedrock, the bottom most layer, made up of solid rock.
Soil Formation Factors Climate, Organisms, Parent Material, Topography, Time
Climate the typical weather patterns in a location, mainly focused on temperature and rainfall.
Organisms plants, insects, and bacteria that live in the soil.
Parent Material bedrock the soil forms from
Topography landforms that determine water movement and impact soil formation
Time Soil takes several thousand years to form and changes over time.
Texture the size of the particles of soil
Sand The largest soil particle.
silt medium sized soil particles
clay smallest soil particles
loam combination of sand, silt, and clay
porosity how much space is in a sample, or how much water it can hold.
permeability how easily water can pass through a sample.
pH stands for power of Hydrogen, describes how acidic or basic a solution is on a scale from 1-14
acidic solutions that have a low pH (1-6), like lemons
basic / alkaline solutions that have a high pH (8-14), like soap
neutral solutions with a pH of 7, like water
horizons layers of soil that form naturally
Created by: mconroy
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