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Ecosystems&Biomes
Chapter 2 Science Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Producer | An organism that can make its own food. |
Consumer | An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms. |
Herbivore | Consumers that eat only plants. |
Carnivore | Consumers that eat only animals. |
Omnivore | Consumers that eat both plants and animals. |
Scavenger | A carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms. |
Decomposer | Break down biotic wastes and dead organisms and return the raw materials to the ecosystem. |
Food Web | Consists of overlapping food chains in an ecosystem. |
Food Chain | A series of events in which one organism eats another and obtains energy. |
Energy Pyrimid | Shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web. |
Evaporation | The process of which molecules of liquid water absorb energy and change to gas. |
Condensation | The process which a gas changes to a liquid. |
Precipitation | Rain, Snow, Sleet, or Hail |
Nitrogen Fixation | The process of changing free nitrogen into a usable form of nitrogen. |
Biome | A group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms. |
Climate | The average annual temperature and amount of precipitation in an area that determines its biome. |
Desert | An area that receives less than 25% of rain per year. |
Rain-Forest | A forest with large amount of rainfall per year. |
Emergent Layer | Tallest layer of the rainforest which receives the most sunlight and can reach up to 70 meters. |
Canopy | Underneath trees 50 meters tall from a leafy roof. |
Understory | A layer of shorter trees and vines around 50 meters high |
Grassland | An area that is mostly populated by grasses and other non woody plants. |
Savanna | Receives as much as 120 centimeters of rain each year. |
Deciduous Tree | Tees that shed their leaves and grow new ones each year. |
Boreal Forest | Dense forest found in upper regions of the Northern Hemisphere. |
Coniferous Tree | Trees that produce their seeds in cones and have leaves shaped like needles. |
Tundra | Extremely cold and dry. |
Permafrost | Frozen soil. |
Biogeography | The study of where organisms live and how they got there. |
Continental Drift | As the plates move, the continents move with them in a process. |
Dispersal | The movement of organisms from one place to another;. |
Exotic Species | A organism that is carried into a new location by people. |
Esturary | Found where the freshwater of a river meets the saltwater of an ocean. |
Intertidal Zone | Located on the shore between the high-tide line and the low-tide line. |
Neritic Zone | Region of shallow water found below the low tide line and extending over the continental shelf. |