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Micro Chptr 4, 5, 6
Keywords & Notes from Chapters 4, 5, & 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| All living things are composed of? | CELLS |
| Which type of cell has a cell membrane, ribosomes, a chromosome, and cytoplasma? | PROKARYOTES |
| A large and small subunit site where protein synthesis occurs in all cells | RIBOSOMES |
| There are two types of Glycocalyx | SLIME LAYER & CAPSULE |
| Dense fluid encased by the cell membrane and is the site of many of the cell's biochemical and synthetic activities | CYTOPLASM |
| What are the names of the two basic cell types | EUKARYOTE & PROKARYOTE |
| A small component of eukaryotic cells that is bounded by a membrane and specialized in function | ORGANELLE |
| Holds the DNA Chromosome for the cell | NUCLEUS |
| Where the hereditary material of an organism is stored | GENOME |
| The appendages that are responsible for Motitlity | FLAGELLA & ASIAL FILAMENTS |
| The appendages that are responsible for Attachment and/or Channels | FIMBRIAE & PILI |
| The rigid, tubular appendage that is responsible for the transfer of genes during bacterial conjugation | SEX PILI |
| The macromolecule that provides strength to bacterial walls and is a Polymer of sugars linked together with short peptide chains is called | PEPTIDOGLYCAN |
| The external structure of the cell that provides a protective barrier | GLYCOCALYX |
| a dormant form of bacteria that is also resistant to adverse envrionmental stressors like extreme heat or cold | ENDOSPORE |
| Small circular pieces of DNA that carry non-essential genetic information | PLASMIDS |
| Asexual for of reproduction where the DNA in the cell divids | MITOSIS |
| Primitive cells that adapted to extreme habitats and modes of nutrition | DOMAIN ARCHAE |
| Vesicles of a Chloroplast formed by the folding of the inner membrane into "sacs" or "discs" which traps energy | THYLAKOIDS |
| Group of bacteria that lack a cell wall and have sterols in their cytoplasma | MYCOPLASMAS |
| A homogeneous sheath, 20-80 nm thick, with a very small periplasmic space | GRAM-POSITIVE CELL WALL |
| Important basis of bacterial classification and identification | GRAM-STAIN |
| Protozoa, some algae, and all animal cells lack? | A CELL WALL |
| Sterols provide | STABILITY |
| Eukarotic cells possess which appendages for locomotion | CILIA & FLAGELLA |
| The space within the bacteria where extra nutrients are stored when the sources are boutiful, for when these sources are depleted | INCLUSION BODIES |
| Bacteria with a spherical or ball shape | COCCUS |
| A cylindrical shaped bacteria | BACILLUS |
| A network of dark fibers that are attracted to dyes and is the prominent feature of the nucleoplasm in stained preparations | CHROMATIN |
| When chromosomes take on a fine threadlike look, during mitosis | PROPHASE |
| The period during mitosis when the chromosomes are full visible as X-shaped structures | METAPHASE |
| The phase of mitosis when spindle fibers attach to individual chromosomes, and pull them apart | ANAPHASE |
| The phase of mitosis where the chromosomal division is completed | TELOPHASE |
| Helical or twisted rod shaped bacterial cells with a polar flagella, are known as | SPIRILLUM |
| A flexible helical or curved bacterial cell with a periplasmic flagella | SPIROCHETE |
| During the active phase of a bacterial endospore, it is known as a | VEGETATIVE CELL |
| This lipid molecule forms the matrix of the top layer of the outermembrane of a gram-negative cell wall | LIPOPOLYSACHARIDES |
| The cell walls of fungi are composed of what? | CHITIN or CELLULOUS |
| Which of the following eukaryotic organelles originates from the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope and allows for the transportation of materials from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and ultimately to the cell's exterior? | ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM |
| The Packaging Machine operator in an Eukayrotic cell" | GOLGI APPARATUS |
| A vesicle that originates from the Golgi apparatus and contains a variety of enzymes | LYOSOME |
| Archaea do not have the typical_________ found in bacterial cell walls | PEPTIDOGLYCAN |
| Bacteria in the genus Mycoplasma, bacteria called L-forms, and protoza, lack what? | CELL WALLS |
| Filamentous fungi are called | MOLDS |
| Sexually reproduced spores are known as | ZYGOSPORES |
| The motile feeding stage of protozoa is called | TROPOZOITE |
| In general, most DNA viruses multiply in the host cell's? | NUCLEUS |
| In general, most RNA viruses multiply in the host cell's? | CYTOPLASM |
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