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Biology chapter. 12

vocab for chapter 11 n 12

QuestionAnswer
chromosome that is not a sex chromosome. autosome
complex inheritance pattern that occurs when neither allele is dominant and both alleles are expressed. codominance
three-base code in DNA or RNA. codon
twisted-ladder shape of DNA, formed by two nucleotide strands twisted around each other. double helix
complex inheritance pattern in which the heterozygous phenotype is intermediate between those of the two homozygous parent organisms. incomplete dominance
micrograph in which the pairs of homologous chromosomes are arranged in decreasing size. karyotype
type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to direct protein synthesis in the cytoplasm. Messenger RNA
permanent change in cell's DNA, ranging from changes in a single base pair to deletions of large sections of chromosomes. mutation
substance, such as a chemical, that causes mutations. mutagen
complex macromolecule that stores and communicates genetic information nucleic acid
area in a prokaryotic cell that contains a large, circular chromosome. nucleoid
characteristic , such as eye color or skin color, that results from the interaction of multiple gene pairs. polygenic trait
type of RNA that associates with proteins to form ribosomes. Ribosomal RNA
ribonucleic acid; guides protein synthesis. RNA
characteristic, such as red-green color blideness, controlled by genes on the x chromosome. sex linked trait
process in which mRNA is synthesized from the template DNA. Transcription
type of RNA that transports amino acids to the ribosome. transfer RNA
process in which mRNA attaches to the ribosome and a protein is assembled. Translation
Created by: Softballbabe
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