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Gross 2 - PCC
Gross second lecture exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Muscles that originate on the vertebral column or skull | 1. Trapezius 2. Rhomboid major 3. Rhomboid minor 4. Levator scapula 5. Latissimus dorsi |
| Trapezius | A large muscle which covers the posterior cervical and thoracic regions. |
| Origin of the trapezius | 1. External occipital protuberance (EOP) 2. Superior nuchal line 3. Ligamentum nuchae 4. Acromion spine of the thoracic vertebrae |
| Insertion of the trapezius | 1. Clavicle 2. Process of the spine and scapula |
| Action of the Trapezius | 1. Stabilizes the scapula 2. Upper portion of the muscle elevates the scapula 3. Lower and mid portion of the muscle adducts the scapula |
| Nerve supply to the trapezius | Spinal accessory nerve and sensory innervation from C4 and C5 |
| Weakness of the trapezius causes what? | A deepening of the shoulder on the effected side and the shoulder drops on the effected side. |
| The superior portion of what muscle is usually involved in whiplash? | Trapezius |
| The clinical test for the spinal accessory nerve | As the patient to elevate their shoulders (shrug) against resistance. Both sides should be tested at the same time, so weakness of one side can be evaluated relative to the other side. |
| Rhomboid Major | A thin flat muscle which is rhomboid in shape and lies deep to the trapezius |
| Origin of the rhomboid major | Upper thoracic vertebrae |
| Insertion of the rhomboid major | Vertebral border of scapula |
| Rhomboid minor | This muscle lies superior to the rhomboid major with which it is sometimes fused |
| Origin of the rhomboid minor | Lower cervicals and T1 |
| Insertion of the rhomboid minor | Vertebral border of the scapula |
| Levator Scapula | A muscle found on the side of the neck, deep to the superior portion of the trapezius |
| Origin of the levator scapula | Transverse process of the upper cervical vertebrae |
| Insertion of the levator scapula | Superior angle of the scapula |
| Actions of the levator scapula | Elevates, adducts and stabilizes the scapula |
| Nerve supply to the levator scapula | Dosal scapular nerve |
| Damage to dorsal scapular nerve or C5 | Difficulty in completely adducting the scapula and the scapula on the effected side is further from the midline. |
| Latissimus dorsi | Large, flat muscle which is found over the lower posterior thoracic and lumbar region. It is the largest muscle of the back. Its tendon, along with that of the teres major helps form the posterior fold or border of the axilla. |
| Origin of the latissimus dorsi | 1. Lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae 2. Thoracodorsal fascia 3. Crest of ilium 4. Lower ribs |
| Insertion of the latissimus dorsi | Interterbecular groove of the humerus |
| Nerve supply to the latissimus dorsi | Thoracodorsal |
| Weakness or damage to the latissimus dorsi | jhk |
| The lumbar triangle | A depression found at the lower portion of the latissimus dorsi and is bounded by the 1. latissimus dorsi 2. crest of ilium 3. external oblique muscles |
| Most common location for the development of hernia in the posterior abdomen wall | The lumbar triangle |
Created by:
LrB
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