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chapter 4
Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
cell | in biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; covered by a membrane and contain DNA and cytoplasm. |
cell theory | the theory that states that all living things are made up of one or more cells, that cells are the basic units of organisms, that each cell in a multicellular organism has a specific job, and that cells come only from exciting cells. |
plasma membrane | or cell membrane, the cell's outer boundary |
cytoplasm | the region of the cell within the membrane that includes the fluid, the cytoskeleton, nd all of the organelles except the nucleus. |
cytosol | the soluble portion of the cytoplasm, which includes molecules and small particles, such as ribosomes, but not the organelles covered with membranes. |
nucleus | in a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction. |
prokaryote | a single-celled organism that has no nucleus and has no membrane-bound organelles; examples include bacteria and archaea. |
eukaryote | an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane, multiple chromosomes, and a mitotic cycle; include animals, plants, and fungi but not bacteria or archaea |
organelle | one of the small bodies that are found in the cytoplasm of a cell and that are specialized to perform a specific function |
tissue | a collection of specialized cells and cell products that perform a specific function. |
organ | a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body. |
organ system | a group of organs that accomplish related tasks. |