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J.Sills Mitosis
J. Sills Mitosis
Question | Answer |
---|---|
mitosis | cell division of body/somatic cells; used for growth, repair, and reproduction |
cell cycle | life of a cell |
interphase | period of growth, cell activity, and DNA replication in the cell cycle. "In-between phase" |
prophase (order) | 1st and longest phase of mitosis; "prep" phase |
prophase (description) | phase of mitosis where centrioles move to opposite poles, spindle fibers appear, nucleus disappears, and chromosomes are visible |
metaphase (order) | 2nd phase of mitosis |
metaphase (description) | sister chromatids line up in the "middle" of the cell |
anaphase (order) | 3rd phase of mitosis |
anaphase (description) | sister chromatids pulled "apart" or "away" |
telophase (order) | 4th phase of mitosis; "The End" |
telophase (description) | chromosomes reach opposite poles, new nucleus forms around each set of chromosomes |
cytokinesis | splitting of the cell's cytoplasm into 2 new cells |
centromere | "glue" that holds sister chromatids together |
centriole | "stars" at the opposite ends of the cell. anchors spindle fibers. |
sister chromatids | copied chromosomes |
chromosome | visible and condensed structures made up of DNA; passed on to offspring |
gene | segment of DNA that codes for a trait |
chromatin | form of chromosomes during interphase; long tangled strands |
cancer | malignant growth of cells caused by uncontrolled cell division |
malignant tumor | harmful, cancerous growth of cells |
asexual reproduction | production of offspring from one cell of one parent; offspring are identical to parent; no egg and sperm involved |
budding | asexual reproduction where offspring grow on or off of the parent; yeast |
binary fission | asexual reproduction in bacteria where the cell splits into two cells |
vegetative reproduction | asexual reproduction in plants where offspring are produced without seeds or spores. |
spindle fibers | "ropes" or strands used to move and pull chromatids apart during mitosis |