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Cells
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| active transport | the process by which cells use energy to transport molecules through the cell membrane from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration |
| amino acids | any one of several building blocks of protein |
| cell | the basic unit of structure and function that makes up all organisms |
| cell membrane | the thin boundary between the cell and its environment |
| cell respiration | the process in which nutrients are broken apart, releasing the chemical energy stored in them |
| chloroplast | the green organelle that contains chlorophyll; where photosynthesis takes place |
| circulation | the flow of materials within a cell as well as between parts of a multicellular organism |
| cytoplasm | the jellylike substance that is between the cell membrane and the nucleus and that contains specialized structures |
| diffusion | the movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration |
| digestion | the process that breaks down large food molecules into simpler molecules that the organism can use |
| enzymes | proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in living things |
| excretion | the removal of all the wastes produced by the cells of the body |
| homeostasis | the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment even when the external environment changes |
| hormone | a chemical produced in the endocrine glands |
| immunity | the body's ability to destroy pathogens before they cause disease |
| inorganic | a type of molecule that does not contain both carbon and hydrogen but can contain any other combination of elements |
| metabolism | all the chemical reactions that occur within the cells of an organism |
| mitochondria | pod-shaped organelles that contain enzymes used to extract energy from nutrients |
| nucleus | a large structure within a cell that controls the cell's metabolism and stores genetic information, including chromosomes and DNA |
| organ | a body structure made of different kinds of tissues combined to perform a specific function |
| organ system | several organs that work together to perform a major function in the body |
| organelle | a structure within the cell that carries out a specific function |
| organic | term used to describe molecules that contain both hydrogen and carbon |
| receptor molecule | certain protein molecules in the cell membrane that can receive chemical messages from other cells |
| reproduction | the process by which organisms produce new organisms of the same type |
| respiration | the process by which the chemical bond energy stored in nutrients is released for use in cells |
| ribosome | one of the tiny structures in the cell that is the site of protein production |
| simple sugars | the result of the digestion of starches. Example: glucose |
| synthesis | a life process that involves combining simple substances into more complex substances |
| tissue | a group of specialized cells that perform a specific function |
| vacuole | storage sacs within the cytoplasm of a cell that may contain either wastes or useful materials, such as water or food |
Created by:
WGZimm
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