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Chemistry of Life
Bio - Unit 1
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen | 4 elements that make up 99% of living matter |
carbon | element that forms the backbone of most biological molecules |
organic | means "coming from life" |
inorganic | means "non-living" |
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids | 4 groups of biochemicals |
carbohydrates | organic compound made entirely of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
monosaccharides | simple sugar |
disaccharides | double sugar |
polysaccharides | many glucose molecules |
starch and cellulose | two examples of polysaccharides |
simple carbohydrates | grapes, honey, apples, bananas |
complex carbohydrates | bread, cereal, pasta |
lipids | fats, oils, and steroids |
fats | animals store excess lipids as these |
oils | plants store excess lipids as these |
4 uses of cholesterol | cell membranes, nerve tissue, brain tissue, hormones |
amino acids | proteins are complex polymers of these smaller molecules |
collagen | develops skin cells |
myosin | develops muscle cells |
enzymes | involved in chemical reactions |
hemoglobin | blood to carry substances |
DNA | genetic code |
RNA | putting together or synthesizing proteins |