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Chemistry of Life

Bio - Unit 1

TermDefinition
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen 4 elements that make up 99% of living matter
carbon element that forms the backbone of most biological molecules
organic means "coming from life"
inorganic means "non-living"
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids 4 groups of biochemicals
carbohydrates organic compound made entirely of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
monosaccharides simple sugar
disaccharides double sugar
polysaccharides many glucose molecules
starch and cellulose two examples of polysaccharides
simple carbohydrates grapes, honey, apples, bananas
complex carbohydrates bread, cereal, pasta
lipids fats, oils, and steroids
fats animals store excess lipids as these
oils plants store excess lipids as these
4 uses of cholesterol cell membranes, nerve tissue, brain tissue, hormones
amino acids proteins are complex polymers of these smaller molecules
collagen develops skin cells
myosin develops muscle cells
enzymes involved in chemical reactions
hemoglobin blood to carry substances
DNA genetic code
RNA putting together or synthesizing proteins
Created by: WGZimm
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