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Ch 4: Vocab

Ch 4: the cell in action

TermDefinition
diffusion the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
osmosis the diffusion of water across/through the cell membrane
passive transport the diffusion of particles through the cell membrane from areas of high concentration to areas of lower concentration without using energy
active transport the diffusion of particles through the cell membrane from areas of low concentration to areas of higher concentration using energy
endocytosis the process in which a cell surrounds a large particle and encloses it in a vesicle
exocytosis the process when a cell uses a vesicle to move a particle from within the cell to outside the cell
photosynthesis the process by which plants capture light energy from the sun and convert it into sugar
cellular respiration when cells use oxygen to break down food
fermentation when cells do not use oxygen to break down food
cell cycle the life cycle of a cell
chromosomes storage structures for DNA
homologous chromosomes similar pair of chromosomes
cytokinesis the division of cytoplasm of a cell
mitosis nuclear division in eukaryotic cells in which each cell receives a copy of the original chromosome
binary fission the cell division where one cell splits into 2
chromatid identical copies of a chromosome
centromere the region that holds chromatids together when a chromosome is duplicated
Created by: swhite2015
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