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Science Chapter 1

TermDefinition
astronomy study of stars, planets, moons, and other figures in space
axis an imaginary line through north and south poles, that a planet rotates on
rotation the spinning motion on a planets axis
revolution the movement of one object around another
orbit planets' path around the sun
calender an organized system of time
solstice the two days in a year when Earth's axis is farthest north or south of the equator
equinox it is when the afternoon's sun it directly over the equator which causes equal day and night
force a push or pull
gravity attracts all objects toward each other
law of universal gravitation every object in the universe attracts toward every other object
mass amount of matter in an object
weight the force of gravity on an object
inertia the tendency to resist changing direction
newton's first law of motion an object at rest will stay at rest an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon another force
phases the different shapes you see of the moon on Earth
eclipse when an object passes between the sun and another object, blocking the sunlight and casting a shadow
solar eclipse when the moon's shadow hits Earth
penumbra darkest part of a shadow
lunar eclipse when Earth is directly between the sun and the moon
umbra lightest part of a shadow
tides rise and fall of water in 12.5 hours
spring tides the highest high tide and the lowest low tide
neap the lowest high tide and the highest low tide
telescope a device built to observe distant objects to make them seem closer
maria dark, flat areas
craters large round pits
meteoroids chunks of rock or dust from space
Created by: Brae K
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