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Genetics

Vocabulary

TermDefinition
GENETICS study of biological inheritance patterns and variations in organisms
TRAITS distinguishing characteristics that are inherited
PUREBRED the offspring of many generations that have the same trait
CROSS POLLINATION mating of organisms; sperm in pollen that fertilizes other plants eggs
GENE piece of DNA that provides a set of instructions to a cell to make a certain protein
ALLELE any of the alternative forms of a gene that may occur at a specific locus
HOMOZYGOUS describes 2 of the same alleles at a specific locus
HETEROZYGOUS describes 2 different alleles at a specific locus
GENOTYPE typically refers to the genetic makeup of a specific set of genes
PHENOTYPE physical characteristics or traits of an individual
DOMINANT the allele that is expressed when 2 dominant alleles are present; more likely
RECESSIVE allele that is only expressed when 2 copies are present; less likely
MONOHYBRID crosses that examine the inheritance of only 1 specific trait
DIHYBRID crosses that examine the inheritance of 2 different traits
Created by: flfreeman
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