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Macromolecules

Review of biological macromolecules: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Ac

QuestionAnswer
What are the 4 types of macromolecules? Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate? Simple sugar (monosaccharide)
What is the monomer of a protein? Amino acid
What is the monomer of a lipid? Fatty acid
What is the monomer of a nucleic acid? Nucleotide
What type of macromolecule is an enzyme? Protein
What type of macromolecule provides short-term (fast) energy for organisms? Carbohydrates
What type of macromolecule is used for long-term energy storage and is also a main component of the cell membrane? Lipids
What type of macromolecule is used for movement and structure? Proteins
What type of macromolecule stores genetic information for the cell? Nucleic Acids
What do enzymes do to activation energy for a chemical reaction? Lower activation energy
What is the name of the chemical an enzyme works on? Substrate
What is the name of the location on an enzyme where the substrate binds? Active site
Glucose is an example of what type of macromolecule? Carbohydrate
What is the name of the lipid that makes up the cell membrane? Phospholipid
Water is a polar molecule. What does this mean? It has a positive and a negative end
When you break down an unknown substance, you get amino acids. What material did you start with? Protein
When you break down an unknown substance, you get sugar. What material did you start with? Carbohydrate
When you break down an unknown substance, you get fatty acids. What material did you start with? Lipid
When you break down an unknown substance, you get nucleotides. What material did you start with? Nucleic acid
What is the name for cell energy? ATP
What is the name of the bond between two water molecules? Cohesion
What is the name of the bond between water and other materials? Adhesion
What two environmental conditions can affect how enzymes work? pH and temperature
What is the term for when an enzyme changes shape and no longer works? Denatured
What is the most important property of an enzyme, that makes it specific for the material it works on? Shape
What is the term meaning evaporation of water from plant leaves? Transpiration
In the lock and key model, what is the enzyme? Enzyme = lock
In the lock and key model, what is the substrate? Substrate = key
Another name for this type of macromolecule is a polypeptide. Protein
Created by: WBHSYork
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