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chapter 2.3
Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| polar | describes a molecule with opposite charges on the opposite ends. |
| hydrogen bond | the intermolecular force occurring when a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom of one molecule is attracted to two unshared electrons of another molecule |
| cohesion | the force that holds molecules of a single material together |
| adhesion | Two substances stick to each other |
| capillarity | the attraction between molecules that results in the rise of a liquid in small tubes. |
| solution | a homogeneous mixture throughout which two or more substances are uniformly dispersed. |
| solute | in a solution, the substance that dissolves in the solvent. |
| solvent | in a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves. |
| concentration | the amount of a particular substance in a given quantity of a mixture, solution, or ore |
| saturated solution | a solution that cannot dissolve any more solute under the given conditions. |
| aqueous solution | a solution in which water is the solvent |
| hydroxide ion | the OH- ion |
| hydronium ion | an ion consisting of a proton combined with a molecule of water. |
| acid | any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water; turn blue litmus paper red |
| base | any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ion s when dissolved; turns red litmus paper blue |
| ph scale | the range of values that are used to express the acidity or alkalinity of a system. |
| buffer | a solution made from a weak acid and its conjugate base that neutralizes small amounts of acids or bases added to it. |
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FarlowA20