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Water & Solutions

2.3 Terms

TermDefinition
polar describes a molecule with opposite charges on opposite ends
hydrogen bond the intermolecular force occurring when a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom of one molecule is attracted to two unshared electrons of another molecule
cohesion the force that holds molecules of a single material together
adhesion the attractive force between two bodies of different substances that are in contact with each other
capillarity the attraction between molecules that results in the rise of a liquid in small tubes
solution a homogenous mixture throughout which two or more substances are uniformly dispersed
solute in a solution, the substance that dissolves in the solvent
solvent in a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves
concentration the amount of a particular substance in a given quantity of a mixture, solution, or ore
saturated solution a solution that cannot dissolve any more solute under the given conditions
aqueous solution a solution in which water is the solvent
hydroxide ion the OH ion
hydronium ion an ion consisting of a proton combined with a molecule of water
acid any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water; acids turn blue litmus paper red and react with bases and some metals to form salts
base any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water; bases turn red litmus paper blue and react with acids to form salts
pH scale a range of values that are used to express the acidity or alkalinity (basicity) of a system; each whole number on the scale indicates a tenfold change in acidity; a pH of 7 is neutral, a pH of less than 7 is acidic, and a pH of greater than 7 is basic
buffer a solution made from a weak acid and its conjugate base that neutralizes small amount of acids or bases added to it
Created by: mitschj20
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