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T2: Shock

QuestionAnswer
Characterized by decreased tissue perfusion and impaired cellular metabolism. shock
4 types of shock cardiogenic, hypovolemic, distributive, obstructive
Occurs when either systolic or diastolic dysfunction of the pumping action of the heart results in reduced cardiac output (CO). cardiogenic shock
The heart;s inability to pump the blood forward is classified as systolic dysfunction. systolic dysfunction
What is the most common cause of systolic dysfunction? acute myocardial infarction (MI)
CM of cardiogenic shock tachycardia, hypotension, narrow pulse pressure; tachypnea & pulm. congestion (crackles); inc. in PAWP; s/s of per. hypoperfusion (cyanosis, pallor, diaphoresis, dim pulse, dec. cap. refill; dec. renal blood flow = Na & H20 retention & dec UO
What happens to the CO and cardiac index (CI) when systolic dysfunction is present? low CO <4 L/min; CI <2.5 L/min
What diagnostics are done to help diagnose cardiogenic shock? Labs: cardiac enzymes, BNP, troponin levels; ECG; chest x-ray; echocardiogram
Occurs when there is a loss of intravascular fluid volume. Volume loss may be either an absolute or a relative volume loss. hypovolemic shock
Results when fluid is lost through hemorrhage, GI loss (e.g. vomiting, diarrhea), fistula drainage, DI, or diuresis. absolute hypovolemia
Fluid volume moves out of the vascular space into the extravascular space (e.g. intracavity space). This fluid shift is called? relative hypovolemia; third spacing
Example of relative volume loss. Leakage of fluid from the vascular space to the interstitial space from increased capillary permeability, as seen in burns.
Created by: eblanc1
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