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The Atmosphere-Vocab
MBtP 11-13 Semester 1 Unit 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ozone | A different form of oxygen that is made up of three oxygen atoms (O3) bonded together |
| Atmospheric Pressure | The force per unit area exerted against a surface by the weight of air above |
| Temperature | Property of matter that is commonly used to express degrees of warmth or coolness |
| Interaction | A kind of action that occurs as two or more things have an effect upon one another |
| Matter | The substance in which all physical objects consist; ANYTHING THAT HAS MASS AND TAKES UP SPACE |
| Energy | The ability of one object to do physical work on another object |
| Variable | A characteristic that can be changed by increase or decrease |
| Equilibrium | The condition of a system in which the variables within the system are balanced |
| Weather | The state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place |
| Convection Current | A current caused by the expansion of a liquid, solid or gas at its temperature rises. |
| Atmospheric movement | The large-scale movement of air in the atmosphere |
| Greenhouse Gas | A gas in Earth's atmosphere that absorbs and emits thermal radiation |
| Greenhouse Effect | The natural heating that occurs when gases in Earth's atmosphere trap heat |
| Electromagnetic Radiation | Energy from the sun that is transmitted as waves or rays |
| Convection | The transfer of heat by the flow of a heated material |
| Conduction | The transfer of energy that occurs when molecules bump into one another |
| Humidity | The amount of water vapor in the air |
| Condensation | The change in state of water from a gaseous form to a liquid form |
| Wind Speed | The rate of flow of parts of the atmosphere |
| Precipitation | The product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls due to gravity |
| Gradient | The rate of change of a value (increase or decrease) from one reference point to another |
| Coriolis Effect | A condition where the rotation of the Earth causes moving air and water to turn left in the southern hemisphere and turn right in the northern hemisphere |
| Air Mass | A large body of air that has properties similar to the part of the Earth over which the mass develops |
| Front | A boundary between two air masses |
| Barometric Pressure | The measure of atmospheric pressure, measured in bars |
| Bar | A unit of pressure roughly equal to the atmospherics pressure on Earth at sea level |
| Millibar | A unit of atmospheric pressure equal to the one thousands of a bar |
| Wind Shear | A difference in wind speed and direction over a relatively short distance |
| Thunderstorm | A form of weather identified by the presence of lightning and its acoustic effects on the Earth's atmosphere (thunder); it is accompanied by strong winds and heavy rain and often various forms of precipitation such as rain, snow, sleet or hail |
| Supercell | A thunderstorm that has a continuously rotating updraft known as a mesocyclone |
| Updraft | The occurrence of a vertical movement of air that is weather-related (can be up or down) |
| Downdraft | A sudden descent of cool or cold air to the ground, usually with precipitation and associated with a thunderstorm or rain shower |
| Cumulonimbus Cloud | A low to middle-level altitude cloud with noted vertical development that is characteristically tall and dense and dark; frequently associated with thunderstorms |
| Flash Flood | Rapid flooding of a low-lying area such as a basin, a wash, a river, or a dry lake |
| Wash | A dry creek bed that temporarily fills with water after a heavy rain |
| Basin | A region in which all water drains to a common area |
| Ground Saturation | A point at which the ground has absorbed all the water it can |
| Flood | An overflow of water that submerges land |
| Climate | A long-term weather patterns of a geographic region |
| El Nino | An instability of the ocean-atmosphere system in the tropical Pacific characterized by unusually warm ocean temperature |
| Meteorology | The scientific study of weather and the atmosphere |
| POES | Polar Operation Environment Satellite |
| JPSS | Joint Polar Satellite System |
| Doppler Radar | Radar that makes use of the Doppler effect to produce velocity data about objects |
| Doppler Effect | The change in the number of times wave passes a given point of reference (frequency) of a wave for an observer moving relative to the source of the wave |
| Weather Map |
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