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mammals
biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| MAMMALS | |
| Mammals | endothermic vertebrates with fourchambered hearts and skin covered with hair or fur most young born alive and fed with milk produced mammary glands in mother's body |
| omnivores | eat both plants and animals |
| incisors | flat edged teeth used to bite off and cut food |
| canines | pointed teeth that stab food and tear it |
| molars and premolars | have broad flat upper surfaces for grinding and shredding food |
| alveoli | small sacs in the lungs that create a large surface area for O2 and CO2 to be exchanged |
| Diaphragm | large muscle at the bottom of the ribs, found in mammals |
| advantage of mammal's circulatory system | blood with oxygen and blood without oxygen doesn't mix so the system is more efficient |
| fur or hair | all mammals have this helps to maintain constant body temperature |
| 3 main groups of mammals | monotremes, marsupials, and placental mammals |
| Monotremes | egg laying mammals; 3 species two species of spiny anteater and the duck |
| spiny anteater | lays leathery eggs directly into pouch on belly where young hatch and stay for 6 to 8 weeks young drink milk that seeps out of mother's pores |
| duck | billed platypus |
| marsupials | mammals that are born at an early stage of development and usually continue to develop in a pouch on the mother's body |
| placental mammals | mammal that develops inside its mother's body until its body systems are developed enough to live independently; most mammals are monotremes |
| placenta | organ inside pregnant female mammals that passes food, water, and oxygen between the mother and the developing embryo as well as gets rid of waste produced by the embryo |
| caring for young | young mammals are helpless for a long period of time and require the care of a parent; mammal parents teach their young what they need to know to survive as adults |
| keratin | protein found in hair |
| mammary gland | produce nutrient rich milk for young |
| weaning | time when a mother stops nursing |
| gestation period | period between fertilization & birth |
| ungulate | mammals with hoofs |
| cud | digested food |
| rumen | storage chambers in stomach |
| Therapids | Animals evolved from the group of reptiles ,have both reptilian and mammalian characteristics |
| Characteristics of mammals | endothermic, hair, Well developed brains, heart has 4 chambers, heart has 4 chambers, single lower jaw,4 different types of teeth, viviparous, in which females carry their young ,mammary glands to feed newborn young, |
| Two feature that distinguish mammals from other invertebrates | they all have hair and they produce milk. |
| Characteristics of Placentals | carry unborn young in the uterus ,Oxygen and nutrients are transferred from mother's blood to baby's blood |
| Insectivora | shrews and moles, Most have long pointed noses that enable them to grub for insects, worms, and invertebrates. |
| Rodentia | Includes squirrels, marmots, chipmunks, gophers, muskrats, mice, rats, and porcupines,Only two incisors in each jaw, grow as long as rodent lives, and used for gnawing |
| Lagomorpha | Includes rabbits, hares, and small mountain mammals called pikas, Double row of incisors, large front teeth backed with two smaller ones, adaptation for herbivorous diet. |
| Edentata | anteaters, armadillos, and sloths, long, sticky tongue and clawed front paws |
| edentate means | "without teeth" |
| Chiroptera | bats, |
| Echolocation | bats us a special way to navigate (bouncing off high frequency sound waves) |
| Cetacea | Cetaceans have fishlike bodies with forelimbs modified as flippers, divided into two groups which are toothed whales and baleen whales |
| Sirenia | manatees and dugongs, Front limbs are flippers for swimming,Sirenians lack hind legs but have flattened tails |
| Carnivora | Most of the species mainly eat meat, which explains the name, Carnivores generally have long canine teeth, strong jaws, clawed toes,(usually divided into the cat family & the dog family) |
| Pinnipedia | water dwelling carnivores and have streamlined bodies |
| Artiodactyla and Perissodactyla | Ungulates also called hoofed mammals, classified into two orders, They have a storage chamber in their stomach called the rumen, undergoes double digestion |
| Artiodactyla | Ungulates with an even amount of toes make up the class |
| Perissodactyla | Ungulates with an odd number of toes make up the class |
| Proboscidea | Characterized by a boneless nose ,Elephants .It has modified incisors, called tusks |
| Proboscis | boneless nose |
| Primates | humans, prosimians, monkeys, apes. have the ability to learn , they are curious, excellent depth perception, |
| prosimians. | active at night |
Created by:
jmuncher
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