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2.1 Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Matter | anything that occupies space and has mass |
| Mass | the quantity of matter an object has |
| Element | substances that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler kinds of matter |
| atom | the simplest particle of an element that retains all of the properties of life |
| Nucleus | makes up the bulk of the mass of an atom(protrons+neutrons) |
| proton | a stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei with a positive electric charge |
| neutron | a subatomic particle without a charge |
| atomic number | number of protons in an element |
| mass number | equal to the total number of protons and neutrons |
| electron | negatively charged particles |
| orbital | three dimensional region around the nucleus that indicates the probable location of an eletron |
| isotope | atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons |
| compound | made up of the atoms of two or more elements in fixed proportions |
| chemical bond | the active forces that hold atoms together |
| covalent bond | forms when two atoms share one or more pair of electrons |
| molecule | simplest part of a substance |
| ion | an atom or molecule in witch the number of electrons is not equal to the number of protons |
| ionic bond | because positive and negative electric charges attract each other, the sodium ion and the chloride ion attract each other. this attraction is called _________ |