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FUNRespiratory care

fundumentals MOD2 Chp. 7

QuestionAnswer
What is Oxygen Therapy? Goal is to prevent or relieve hypoxia.
Oxygen is treated like? A drug.
What is ordered by a physician pertaining to Oxygen? Dosage, or concentration.
Who initiates Oxygen Therapy? Physician, or Resp. Therapist.
Nasal Cannula- 2 Prong plastic device. Watch for skin break down. Can eat with it in place. Flow is usually 2-4 LPM
Face Mask- Fits over nose and mouth. Usually - 6-20 LPM
Transtracheal Catheter- Catheter in between 2nd-3rd tracheal cartilage.
Tracheostomy- Tube inserted in trachea.
ET Tube- Endotracheal tube for patients on a ventilator.
Non-rebreather Mask- Used mostly by paramedics, no mixing of exhaled air.
What is a Pulse Oximetry? Device used to measure the percentage of oxygen bound to hemoglobin compared to the amount available.
What is normal oxygen sat? 90%-100%
What is the easiest way to determine the oxygen sat? Pulse Oximetry
Where do you place the pulse Ox? Finger or Earlobe. Foot on babies
Can you place pulse ox on cold hands, feet, or ears? NO
What does COPD stand for? Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
What is normal PH? 7.35-7.45
What is alkalotic? Above 7.45
What is acidotic? Below 7.35
What happens if the PT. has a high blood level of carbon dioxide? The respiratory rate will increase to compensate.
What is the first path of oxygen? Unoxygenated blood enters the right atrium.
What is the second path of oxygen? Unoxygenated blood enters the right ventricle.
What is the third path of oxygen? Pulmonary artery takes blood to capillary system of the alveoli.
What is the fourth path of oxygen? CO2 diffuses and O2 infuses into the blood in the alveoli.
What is the fifth path of oxygen? Blood enters the left atria via the pulmonary vein.
What is the sixth path of oxygen? Blood enters the left ventricle.
What is the seventh and final path of oxygen? Blood enters the aorta.
How does SO blood circulate? Through the lungs via the pulmonary artery & pulmonary vein.
What is the type of sterile suctioning? Tracheostomy suctioning.
What are the types of non-sterile suctioning? Orophrayngeal, and nasopharyngeal.
May need to ___________ & O2 stats should return to normal after the procedure. Hyperoxygenate.
What postion should the patient be in while suctioning? Semi-Fowlers
Where does your sputum collection come from? Deep in the bronchial tree.
What is the best time to collect a sputum specimen? Early morning?
What does sputum contain? Mucus, cellular debris, and micro organisms, and may contain blood or puss.
What is sputum? Secretion from the lungs.
What is the best way to break up sputum? WATER!!
How do you get a sputum sample if the patients can not cough? (BABY or ELDERLY) Tracheal suctioning.
What are the types of tests that are preformed on sputum? Culture, Sensitivity, Cytology, and Acid-fast bacillus.
What is a culture test? Test to look for viral or bacterial cells.
What is a sensitivity test? Trying to define which medications can be used to treat the infection.
What is a cytology test? Tests to find abnormal cells.
What is an "Acid-fast bacillus" test? This is the specific test for tuberculosis.
What is the first step to obtaining a throat culture? Instruct the patient to tilt head backward.
What is the second step to obtaining a throat culture? Ask patient to open and say "AH!"
What is the third step to obtaining a throat culture? If pharynx is not visualized, depress tongue w/tongue blade, and note inflamed area of pharynx and tonsils.
What is the fourth step to obtaining a throat culture? insert swab w/o touching lips, teeth, tongue, or cheeks.
What is the fifth step to obtaining a throat culture? Gently but quickly swab tonsil area side to side, making contact with inflamed or purulent sites.
What is the sixth step to obtaining a throat culture? Carefully withdraw the swab w/o striking oral structures; immediately place swab in culture tube and crush ampule at bottom of tube.
What is the seventh step to obtaining a throat culture? Securely attach properly completed label and requistion slip to side of specimen container.
What is the nineth step to obtaining a throat culture? Enclose in a plastic bag.
What is the tenth step to obtaining a throat culture? Send specimen immediately to lab or refrigerate.
What is respiratory isolation? A combination of practices that prevent germs from spreading in the hospital.
What are the CDC guidelines for TB? Requires AFB precautions which include a negative pressure room and PAPR masks or N95 respiratior mask for healthcare workers.
What is TB? A lung infection that is transmitted by air, contact, and droplets.
Does all TB have to be isolated? No, only ACTIVE TB needs to be isolated.
How do you transport an active TB patient? Surgical mask.
How often should a person laying in bed be turned? Every two hours.
How often should a person setting in a chair be repositioned? Every fifteen to thirty minutes.
When should deep breathing be initiated? When PT is able to respond.
When should deep breathing teaching be done? Preoperatively.
What does coughing help prevent? Pulmonary complications associated with surgery.
When is coughing contradicted? Spinal, Cranial, and Eye surgeries.
What is the first step to using a Incentive Spirometry? Hold IS level.
What is the second step to using a incentive spirometry? Maintain a firm seal with the lips around the mouth piece during inhalation.
What is the third step to using a incentive spirometry? Inhale slowly.
What is the fourth step to using a incentive spirometry? Keep the visual indicator at the inspiratory goal for several seconds.
What is the fifth step to using a incentive spirometry? Remove mouth piece. Exhale normally.
What is a Pneumothorax? Collection of air or gas in the pleural space.
How is a pneumothorax normally diagnosed? Chest X-ray.
What might your patients complain of with a pneumothorax? Shortness of breath, chest pain, or air hunger.
How do you decompress a pneumothorax? Chest tube.
What are nursing interventions for a pneumothorax? Treat pain, promoting oxygenation, assisting in procedures, and providing patient education.
What does a chest tube achieve? Drain fluid, blood, air, or gas from pleural area.
What type of system is a chest tube? Water seal system.
What is it called when water bubbles in the chest tube system and is it normal? Tidaling, and yes. It means that your pt is still healing.
What type of dressing do you put over a chest tube hole if the chest tube comes out? Petroleum gauze dressing.
What is chest percussion? Taps on the sides of chest wall to encourage drainage of the secretions.
When is chest percussion not appropriate? Elderly, Osteoprosis.
What is a tracheostomy? An artificial opening in the trachea made by a surgical incision.
Why are most trach's put in place? Obstructed airway.
What is the first step to trach care? Don sterile gloves.
What is the second step to trach care? Adjust the suction to 100-150 mmHg.
What is the third step to trach care? Preoxygenate patient.
What is the fourth step to trach care? Check function of suction catheter.
What is the fifth step to trach care? Insert catheter without suction.
What is the sixth step to trach care? Apply intermittent suction while rotating catheter.
What is the seventh step to trach care? Asses for secretion clearance.
Created by: Saraheliza14
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