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McC TAKS Objective 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Solid | particles vibrate in place, definite volume, definite shape, low energy state |
| Freezing | process by which a liquid changes into a solid, losing energy |
| Condensation | process by which a gas changes to a liquid, losing energy |
| Melting | process by which a solid changes into a liquid, gaining energy |
| Sublimation | process by which a solid changes into a gas without passing through the liquid phase, gaining energy |
| Liquid | Particles are free flowing, no definite shape, definite volume |
| Matter | anything that has mass and takes up space (volume) |
| Gas | Particles move to take up all available space, no definite shape or volume, high energy state |
| Vaporization | process by which liquid changes to a gas, gaining energy |
| Density | The measure of compactness or how much mass is in a particular volume |
| Proton | Positively charged particle in the nucleus of and atom. |
| Electron | Negativley charged particle that exists in an electron cloud formation around an atoms's necleus. |
| Neutron | Electrically neutral particle that has the same mass as a proton and is found in an atom's nucleus. |
| Atom | the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element |
| Nucleus | central region of an atom, contains protons and neutrons, very dense |
| Compound | atoms of different elements join chemically; properties of compounds are different from properties of the individual elements they contain |
| Electon Cloud | area surrounding the nucleus of the atom, contains the electrons located in energy levels |
| Chemical Reaction | bonds in the original substances are broken and new bonds formed; this produces one or more different substances - evidence consists of an unexpected color change, a precipitate forming, bubbles/gas produced, odor or temperature change |
| Metal | At room temperature most metals are hard, shiny solids that can be bent without breaking; good conductors of heat and electricity |
| Nonmetal | At room temperature some nonmetals are solids that crack or break easily; others are gases. At room temperature nonmetals are not shiny and do not conduct heat or electricity very well. |
| Metalloid | have properties of metals and nonmetals;occur along the stairstep line |
| Physical Change | a substance changes but does not become a new substance example: water (liquid) freezing to become ice (solid) |
| Chemical Change | characteristics of a substance that are observed when it reacts (changes) to produce one or more different substances |
| Endothermic Reactions | Chemical reaction in which heat energy is absorbed: temperature decreases |
| Organic Compound | Most compounds that contain carbon, including nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. |
| Product | Substance that forms as a result of a chemial reaction. |
| Reactant | Substance that exists before a chemical reaction begins. |
| Specific Heat | the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1 degree C |
| Atomic Mass (mass number) | the number of protons + the number of neutrons in the nucleus |
| Atomic Number | the number of protons in the nucleus |
| Exothermic Reactions | Chemical reaction in which heat energy is released: temperature increases |
Created by:
MCJH
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