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Protozoa
Mrs. D - Protozoa
| Term | definition |
|---|---|
| Kingdom Protista | collective classification of unicellular eukaryotic organisms |
| Protozoologists | zoologists specializing in protozoans |
| Classification based on: | type of nuclei, mode of reproduction, mechanism of locomotion |
| Intracellular specialization | division of labor within the cell |
| Pellicle | regular arrangement of microtubules underlying the plasma membrane |
| Ectoplasm | region beneath pellicle |
| Endoplasm | inner cytoplasm |
| Somatic cells | any cell that differentiates into tissues, organs, ect. |
| Reproductive cells | responsible for reprocution only |
| Nutritional levels | autotrophic, heterotrophic, saprotrophic |
| Asymmetry | disproportional |
| Symmetry | similarity of form or arrangement on either side of a dividing line or plane |
| Pseudopodia | strands of cytoplasm extending from cell |
| Cilia | short hair-like projections |
| Flagella | long, whip-like structures |
| Direct cell movement | body flexion |
| Endoskeleton | internal skeleton |
| Exoskeleton | external skeleton |
| Habitat | aquatic, terrestrial, symbiotic |
| Binary Fission | production of two cells of approxiamately the same size, equal cytoplasm division |
| Budding | unequal cytoplasmic division |
| Multiple Fission | large number of daughter cells formed from the division of a single protozoan |
| Schizogony | another name for mutiple fission |
| Conjugation | two cells fuse forming a single cell and exchange genetic information |
| Isogametes | daughter cells formed from conjugation |
| Intermediate host | harbors the immature stages of a parasite |
| Definitive host | harbors the sexual stage of a parasite |
| Dinoflagellates | golden-brown algae, contain chlorophyll and xanthophyll, marine |
| Gymnodinium | Genus of dinoflagellates often responsible for Red Tide, marine |
| Euglena | common freshwater Genus of flagellates, photosynthetic, 1 flagellum |
| Volvox | common freshwater Genus of flagellates, colonial, 2 flagella |
| Trypanosoma | Genus of flagellates, causes African Trypanosomiasis or "sleeping sickness" |
| Giardia | Genus of flagellates, causes Giardiasis or "backpacker's disease" |
| Amoeba, Arcella, Entamoeba | Genera, examples of Rhizopoda |
| Test | another name for shell left behind by microscopic protozoans |
| Globigerina | one Genus of Foraminiferida which accumulates on the ocean floor |
| Globigerina Ooze | marine sediments composed mainly of Globigerina |
| Phylum Sarcomastigophora | largest group, locomotion-flagella, pseudopodia, or both, macronucleus |
| Subphyla Mastigophora | one or more flagella, asexual, binary fission |
| Class Phytomastigophorea | autotrophic, 1 or 2 flagella |
| Class Zoomastigophorea | heterotrophic or saprotrophic, one or more flagella, solitary or parasitic |
| Subphylum Sarcodina | pseudopodia, naked or internal/external test, mostly free living, asexual, binary fission |
| Superclass Rhizopoda | pseudopodia, free living or parasitic |
| Superclass Actinopoda | planktonic, marine, calcium carbonate or silicate test |
| Order Foraminiferida | mostly marine, planktonic or benthic, calcium carbonate test |
| Order Radiolaria | marine, planktonic, siliceous test, oldest group |
| Phylum Ciliophora | bears cilia, two types of nuclei, reproduce by fission, budding, gamates or conjugation |
| Macronucleus | responsible for vegetative functions |
| Micronucleus | responsible for reproduction |
| Paramecium, Stentor, Vorticella | genera, examples of phylum ciliophora |
| Contractile vacuole | used for osmoregulation in fresh water protists |
| Phylum Labyrinthomorpha | small group living on algae, mostly marine or estaurine |
| Phylum Apicomplexa | all species are parasitic, use direct cell movement |
| Plasmodium | uses Anopheles mosquito as intermediate host, causes Malaria in definitive host (humans) |
| Toxoplasma | causes Toxoplasmosis, pregnant women cautioned not to empty litterboxes of cats or eat raw meat |
| Phylum Myxozoa | parasites of lower vertebrates, especially fish |
| Phylum Microspora | parasites of invertebrates, especially arthropods |
| Phylum Ciliophora | macronucleus and micronucleus; cilia;fission, budding, gametes, or conjugation; free, commensalistic, or parasitic |
| Phylum Labyrinthomorpha | small group living on algae; mostly marine or estuarine |
| Phylum Apicomplexa | cilia and flagella absent, use direct cell movement; endoparasitic in oysters and other invertebrates and vertebrates |
| Plasmodium | Genus of ciliates responsible for Malaria |
| Toxoplasma | Genus of ciliates; intestinal parasite primarily in cats |
| Phylum Myxozoa | parasites of lower vertebrates like fish |
| Phylum Microspora | parasites of invertebrates, especially arthropods |
| Paramecium | Genus of ciliates; primary example |
Created by:
Mrs. D
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