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Energy & Natural Res
Unit 2 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| renewable resources | resources that have been occurring for millions of years and will continue to produce energy |
| nonrenewable resources | resources that are used up faster than they can be replaced (takes hundreds of millions of years to form) |
| fossil fuels | energy-rich substances(oil, coal, and natural gas) formed from the remains of organisms that were buried and chemically changed millions of years ago |
| oil | thick, black liquid hydrocarbon fossil fuel (also known as petroleum) |
| natural gas | gaseous form of hydrocarbon that often forms with oil, but forms above the liquid oil |
| coal | most abundant fossil fuel; rock made of more than 50% plant remains |
| nuclear energy | alternate energy source that comes from the fission (splitting) of Uranium atoms; efficiently produces energy; produces highly reactive waste |
| mineral resources | large deposits of useful minerals such as metals in ores that we can use energy to extract |
| non-metallic mineral resources | any mineral resources not used for fuel or metals such as halite, aggregates, gypsum, or stone |
| solar energy | energy from the sun that is collected through solar cells; also provides light and heat |
| wind energy | energy collected by windmills on wind farms that turn a turbine and generate electricity; few regions have strong enough wind; unreliable since wind doesn't always blow |
| water energy | energy from flowing water; can be tidal or hydroelectric |
| hydroelectric energy | electricity generated from flowing water turning a turbine that generates electricity; can cause erosion problems; ex. dam on a river |
| tidal energy | using the differences in high and low tides to turn turbines and generate electricity; can only be used in areas with large differences in tides |
| geothermal energy | energy created from the heat from magma inside the earth used to heat water and create steam that turns a turbine to make electricity; only a few places where this is available |
| biomass energy | energy produced from the burning of organic matter such as wood, food scraps, and alcohol(ethanol); creates air pollution |
| turbine | a machine that has a wheel that is turned by flowing water, wind, or steam |
| generator | a machine that converts the spinning motion of the turbine into electricity; uses a coil of wire that spins inside a magnetic case |
| energy efficiency | the percentage of energy use to actually perform work; the rest of then energy is "lost" as heat; ex. energy efficient appliances or automobiles use energy, but just use it more efficiently |
| energy conservation | reducing energy us; ex. riding your bike instead of riding a car |
Created by:
eforehand
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