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3802 #3
Medication Administration I, II, III
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the four processes that influence effects of a drug | - absorption - distribution - metabolism - excretion |
| the passage of a substance from administration site into the blood stream | absorption |
| The most common medication errors resulting in client death is ______. | wrong dose |
| most commonly PO drugs are absorbed by the GI tract to exert a _____ effect | systemic |
| The bioavailability of PO drugs is decreased because after absorption, the drug is circulated to the ____ and metabolized before reaching circulation | liver (first pass) |
| refers to the process by which a drug is transported by the blood to the site of action | distribution |
| the rate of diffusion is influenced by the drug's protein-binding capacity, its _____, the amount of drug in the plasma | solubility |
| refers to the enzymatic process by which a "free" drug is converted to an inactive and harmless form that can be excreted | metabolism |
| The ____ are the most important route of excretion because they eliminate both the pure drug as well as metabolites of the parent drug | kidneys |
| For pts on feeding tube, if possible administer medications through ____ | a prepped side port |
| Tube feeding: Because some medications precipitate when mixed with formulas, the tube should be flushed pre and post medication administration with ___ to ___ mL warm water | 20 to 30 mL |
| For pts on feeding tube, prep side port w/anitmicrobial swab & flush small-bore continuous feeding tube every ___ hours and before and after medication administration with a minimum of __ to __ mL warm tap water, using __ mL syringe to prevent tube clog | 4 hrs 20 to 30mL 60 mL syringe |
| propellant-driven medication dose | actuation |
| causing enslavement to some habit | addiction |
| undesirable, usually unperdictable medication effect; may be immediate or take months to develop | adverse reaction |
| an antigen-antibody reaction or hypersenstivity to a substance | allergy |
| a shock state due to an antigen/antibody reaction to a foreign substance (eg medication) | anaphylaxis |
| partial or complete loss of sensation with or without loss of consciousness as a result of injury, disease, or administration of a drug | anesthesia |
| sterile, condition free from germs and infection | aseptic |
| to remove by suction | aspirate |
| metabolic conversion of a drug into inactive metabolites that are readily excreted from the body | biotransformation |
| protective secretion produced by the outer ear canal | cerumen |
| movement of blood in a circular coarse, exiting through the aorta and coming back into the heart via the vena cavae | circulation |
| able to mix with another substance without destructive changes | compatible |
| the presence of an excessive amount of blood or fluid in an organ or in a tissue | congestion |
| to soil, stain, or pollute; to render impure | contaminate |
| any circumstance indicating the inappropriateness of a form of treatment otherwise advisable | contraindiction |
| the amount of medicine to be administered to a pt at one time | dosage |
| any substance that when taken into the living organism may modify one or more of its functions | drug |
| a subjective feeling of difficulty in breathing | dyspnea |
| irregularly formed hemorrhagic area of the skin; bruise | ecchymosis |
| common or general name for a drug as opposed to a brand name | generic |
| slowly pouring or dropping a liquid into a cavity or onto a surface | instillation |
| within the dermal layer of the skin; injection here used for testing allergies, immune responses | intradermal |
| within a muscle; injected medication is rapidly absorbed due to rich vascular supply | intramuscular |
| administration into a vein for immediate drug action | intravenous |
| medication administration record | MAR |
| a drug or remedy | medicine |
| the biological process of changing a substance so that it is less active and can be excreted | metabolism |
| a controlled substance that depresses the central nervous system, thus relieving pain and producing sedation | narcotic |
| a device for breaking a drug into small particles to produce a mist or fog for inhalation | nebulizer |
| topical route for administering eye medications | ophthalmic |
| topical route for administering ear medication | otic |
| absorption route for administering medications other than the GI tract requiring injection | parenteral |
| a progressive, wavelike movement that occurs involuntarily in the intestines of the body | peristalsis |
| predictable, unavoidable secondary effects produced by the medication at the usual dose (eg constipation, nausea, drowsiness | side effect |
| third layer of skin which contains fat, with few blood and lymph vessels; route for injected medication. Results in slower absorption | subcutaneous |
| pertinent to the whole body rather than one specific area | systemic |
| having medicinal or healing properties | therapeutic |
| state of normal tension (eg muscular) or normal osmolality (body fluid) | tonicity |
| A verbal order must be signed by the physician within ___ | 24 hrs |
| Three rules to follow when accepting a verbal order are ____ | 1. repeat order 2. have prescriber spell out the name of teh medication and dosage 3. have another person listen to the order as well |
| If an anaphylactic reation occurs, administer | epinephrine |
| What are the six drugs are considered JCAHO high alert drugs and require another nurse to double check the dosage | 1. insulin 2. potassium chloride 3. morphine 4. hydromorphone HCl 5. heparin 6. warfarin sodium |
| In the event of a medication error, notify ___ immediately | physician |
| check pts daily MAR with previous day's MAR every ___ hours fr each drug's dosage | 24 |
| Any new medications, discontinued medication, or altered dosage must be identified and verified with _____ | physician's orders |
| Under "Right Medication" a nurse must know what five characteristics about the drug being given | 1. action 2. dosage 3. method of adminstration 4. side effects 5. allergies the pts may have to drug |
| The medication label should be checked ___ times before administering, what are the times to check | 3 - when retrieving from storage area - when preparing - when returning to storage area |
Created by:
Black88cat
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