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stlcc-sn-neuro
neuro cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| frontal lobe | primary motor area, broca's, vol. eye mvmnt, current sensory data, past info or exp, judgement, behavior based on judgement and foresight, reasoning, concentration, abstraction, personality, seizures, preservation (persistent of single thought) CN: 1 |
| Broca's speech center | on dominant side, controls speech muscles via the motor cortex, expressive aphasia |
| parietal lobe composed of the sensory cortex | pain, touch, temp |
| parietal lobe | controlling & interpreting spatial info (3-D), singing, music & nonverbal visual exp, seizures, ability to name objects, reading, body orientation |
| temporal lobe | auditory center for sound interpretation, complicated memory patterns, responsible for taste, smell, & hearing, Wernicke's area, |
| Wernicke's area | interprets auditory code, an area in the brain involved in language comprehension & expression (left temporal lobe), receptive aphasia |
| occipital lobe | processing of sight, visual association |
| cerebellum | coordinate voluntary movement, maintain trunk stability & equilibrium, controls fine movements, located under occipital lobe |
| diencephalon parts | thalamus, hypothalamus |
| thalamus | major fx: serve as a sorting and relay station for incoming sensory impulses houses CN: 2 |
| hypothalamus | key role in maintaining homeostasis of body, controlling ANS & endocrine sys, responsible for regulation of body temp, intake of food & fluid, regulation of sleep cycles |
| parts of brain stem | midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata |
| midbrain | cranial nerve 3 & 4, center for auditory & visual reflexes, serves as nerve pathway between cerebral hemispheres and lower brain |
| pons | composed of bundles of afferent & efferent fibers, fx: cardiac acceleration & vasoconstriction, pneumotaxic center, house CN: 5,6,7,8 |
| medulla oblongata | house CN: 7,8,9,10,11,12. vital control centers: regulate respiratory fx & cardiovascular fx= slowing. coordinating centers: cough reflex, swallowing, vomiting |
| brainstem- reticular activating formation system (RAS) | network of nuclei & neurons scattered in brainstem that have connections to other parts of brain, helps to determine degree of arousal/awareness of cerebral cortex |
| brainstem: substantia nigra | only 50,000 of these cells in brain, function to make DOPAMINE |
| cerebrum 4 lobes | frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital |
| choroid plexus | an arrangement of capillaries that form CSF |
| CSF | 125 - 150 mL |
| CSF in 24hr | 500-800 mL |
| meninges | dura mater, arachnoid materpia mater |
| dura mater | outermost membrane & is attached to inner surface of the skullbelow is the subdural space with serous fluid |
| arachnoid mater | middle layer & encloses the entire CNSsubarachnoid space lies below and contains CSF |
| pia mater | innermost layer and clings to brain, spinal cord, and segmental nervesfilled with small blood vessels |
| venous brain circulation | drainage occurs through cerebral veins into dural sinusesfrom dural sinuses into jugular veins to SVCcerebral veins have no valvesICP can be affected by CVP |
| venous circulation | valveless, drain by gravity, low pressure system so veins become compressed with IICP |
| blood supply of brain | arises from aotric arch2 common carotid arteries2 vertebral arteries |
| anterior brain circulation | supplied by 2 internal common carotid arteries |
| posterior brain circulation | supplied by vertebral arteries |
| how are cerebral arteries structurally different from other arteries? | thinner, more delicate, more susceptible to rupture with HTN |
| circle of willis | branches of R/L vertebral arteries & R/L internal carotid arteries combine to create it, also compensates for any reduction in blood flow with collateral blood flow |
| what is normal MAP # ? | 60-140 for adequate CPP |
| at what MAP level is cerebral circulation inadequate for CPP? | MAP <60 |
| what is CPP? | the pressure diff across the brain b/t incoming MAP and opposing intracranial pressure |
| what is the formula for CPP? | CPP = MAP- ICP |
| what is the average CPP? | 70-100 mmHg |
| what is the minimum CPP for perfusion to the brain? | 60 mmHg |
| at what CPP level does brain death occur? | <30 mmHg |
| how does CO2 affect the brain? | vasodilates & ensures adequate cerebral blood supply |
| where is the reflex arc center located? | in the gray matter of spinal cord |
Created by:
danasto
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