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Earthquakes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Earthquake | when two plates slide past each other,or when to plates collide, or when two plates go away from each other |
| crust | is the outer most lair of the earth |
| fault | is a crack in the earth |
| mantle | is the part of the earth between the core and the crust |
| lithosphere | the crust and the uppermost mantle |
| lithospheric plates | are regions of the earths crust and upper mantle that are fractured into plates that move a deeper plasticine mantle |
| seismologist | is the study of seismic waves, energy waves caused by rock suddenly breaking apart within the earth or slipping of tectonic plates |
| Divergent | tending to be different or develop in different directions |
| Covergent | a Convergent boundary is also known as a destructive plate boundary (because of subduction) is an actively deforming region where two or more tectonics plates or fragments of the lithosphere move toward one another. |
| Transform | to make a thorough or dramatic change in the form, appearance or character of the earth. |
| subduction | the sideways and downward movement of the edge of a plate of the earth's crust into the mantle beneath another plate |
| convection | the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat. |
| S wave | second waves move through the earth and reach the surface 2cd |
| p wave | first wave move through the earth and reach the surface 1st |
| surface wave | the last wave the biggest wave out of the s wave and pwave also the most powerfull |
| focus | the part under the epicenter |
| epicenter | the part above the focus |
| Mercallie scale | The Mercalli intensity scale is a seismic scale used for measuring the intensity of an earthquake. |
| Richter scale | a numerical scale for expressing the magnitude of an earthquake on the basis of seismograph oscillations. |
| moment magnitude scale | is used by seismologists to measure the size of earthquakes in terms of the energy released. |
| magnitude | a scale for earth quakes |
| Tsunami | a big wave caused by an earthquake and can trigger a volcano |
| liquafication | a liquid from a solid or a gas, or generates a non-liquid phase which behaves in accordance with fluid dynamics. |
| after shock | small earthquakes after a big earthquake |
| siesmology | the branch of science concerned with earthquakes and related phenomena |
| seismograph | or seismometer, is an instrument used to detect and record earthquakes. |
| compression | when rock pushes together |
| tension | when rock pulls apart |
| plateu | when a flat piece of land pushes upward |
| shearing | when rock slides against each other |
| Normal fault | a fault were the hanging wall slides downward |
| reverse fault | a fault were the hanging wall slides upwards |
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