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Mrs Yust/ Cell Cycle

Mrs. Yust/ Cell Cycle

QuestionAnswer
cell cycle The regular pattern of growth, DNA duplication and cell division that occurs in eukaryotic cells.
mitosis The division of the cell nucleus and its contents.
cytokinesis The process that divides the cell cytoplasm.
karyokinesis (Mitosis) The nuclear membrane dissolves, 2 sets of DNA separate, new nuclear membranes form around each set of DNA separately, 2 nuclei form.
chromosome One long continuous thread of DNA that consists of numerous genes along with regulatory information.
histone group of proteins that DNA wraps around.
chromatin The DNA wrapped around the proteins.
chromatid Half of an X chromosome
sister chromatid 2 matching chromatids are sister chromatids
centrosome The major microtubule organizing of a cell.
centriole Smaller cylinder-shaped organelle made of protein tubes arranged in a circle-usually perpendicular paired.
spindle fiber An assemblage of microtubules that orchestrates chromosome movements during eukaryotic cell division.
monad Chromosome made up of one chromatid.
dyad Chromosome made up of two sister chromatids.
metaphase plate The equator of the cell (This is a place not a structure)
telomere structure units at the end of DNA molecules.
prophase Chromatin condenses, nuclear membrane breaks down, nucleolus disappears, centrosomes and centrioles migrate to opposite sides of the cell, spindle fibers grow from centrioles and radiate towards the center of the cell.
metaphase Spindle fibers attach centrioles to the centromere of each chromosome, Chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate.
anaphase Spindle fibers begin to shorten which pulls the sister chromatids away from each other towards opposite ends of the cell (They separate to form individual chromatids)
telophase A complete set of identical chromosomes is positioned at each pole of the cell, nuclear membranes and nucleolus start to form, spindle fibers fall apart, chromosome begin to uncoil into chromatin.
growth factor A broad group of proteins that stimulate cell division.
apoptosis Programed cell death.
cancer Uncontrolled cell division.
benign A tumor where the cells remain close together.
malignant A tumor where some of the cancer cells break away.
metastasize When cancer cells break away from the tumor.
carcinogen Substances known to produce or promote the development of cancer.
Created by: ambrecooper
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