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Modern Biology S1
Modern Biology Chapter 1 Section 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biology | The study of life |
| Organization | The high degree of order within an organism`s internal and external parts and in its interactions with the living world |
| Cell | The smallest unit that can preform all life processes |
| Unicellular | an organism that consists of a single cell |
| multicellular | a tissue, organ, or organism that is made of many cells |
| organs | a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body |
| tissues | group of cells that have similar abilities to allow the organs to function |
| organelles | tiny structures that carry out functions necessary for the cell to stay alive |
| biological molecules | chemical compounds that provide physical that bring about movement, energy use, and other cellular functions |
| homeostasis | maintenance of a stable level of internal conditions even though environment conditions are constantly changing |
| metabolism | the sum of all the chemical reactions that take in and transform energy and materials from the environment |
| cell division | the formation of two cells from one existing cell |
| development | the process by which an organism becomes mature |
| reproduction | organisms produce more organisms like themselves |
| gene | short segment of DNA that contains the instructions for a single trait of an organism |
| domains | major subdivisions of all organisms |
| kingdoms | another system of grouping organisms; divides all life into 6 major categories |
| ecology | branch of biology that studies organisms interacting with each other and with the environment |
| ecosystems | communities of living species in their physical environments |
| evolution | descent with modification |
| natural selection | organisms that have certain favorable traits are better able to survive in and reproduce successfully, than those without these traits |
| adaptations | traits that improve an individuals ability to survive |
| scientific method | the organized approach to learn how the natural world works |
| observation | the act of perceiving a natural occurrence that causes someone to pose a question |
| hypothesis | a proposed explanation for the way a particular aspect of the natural world functions |
| prediction | a statement that forecasts what would happen in a test situation if the hypothesis were true |
| experiment | used to test a hypothesis and its predictions |
| control group | provides a normal standard which a biologist can compare results of the experimental group |
| experimental group | in an experiment a group that is identical to the control group except for one factor |
| independent variable | in an experiment the factor that is deliberately manipulated |
| dependent variable | in an experiment the factor that changes as a result of manipulation of one or more other factors |
| theory | an explanation for some phenomenon that is based on observation experimentation or reasoning that is supported by a large quantity of evidence and doesn't conflict with any experimental results or observations |
| peer review | the process in which experts in a given field examine the results of a scientists study before that study is accepted for publication |
| compound light microscope | a microscope that uses light to illuminate a specimen that is then magnified by two lenses |
| eyepiece (ocular lenses) | the part of a microscope the magnifies an image usually ten times |
| objective lens | the part sofa compound light microscope that is located directly above the specimen that magnifies |
| stage | a platform of a compound light microscope that supports the slide holding the specimen |
| light source | the source of light |
| magnification | the increase of an objects apparent size by using lenses of mirrors |
| nose piece | the part of a compound light microscope that holds the objective in place above the specimen |
| resolution | in microscopes the ability to form images in fine detail |
| scanning electron microscope | a microscope that produces an enlarged three dimensional image of an object by using a beam of electrons rather than light |
| transmission electron | a microscope that transmits a beam of electrons through a very thing sliced specimen |
| microscope | a tool used to look at very small things |
| metric system | a system for measuring |
| base unit | one of the fundamental units of measuring length weight mass time and other quantities |
Created by:
havensk2020
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