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Electricity and Magn
Electricity and Magnetism
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Repel | Like charges ________ each other |
| Attract | Opposite charges ________ each other |
| Electrical conductor | A material in which charges can move easily |
| Electrical insulator | A material in which charges cannot easily move |
| Static electricity | The buildup of electric charges on an object |
| Electric discharge | The loss of static electricity as charges move off an object |
| Current | The rate at which charge passes a given point. Measured in Amperes (amps) |
| Voltage | The energy released by charges in a circuit. Measured in volts |
| Resistance | The opposition to the flow of electric charge. Measured in ohms. |
| Electric power | The rate at which electrical energy is used to do work. Measured in Watts |
| Magnet | Any material that attracts iron or materials containing iron |
| Pole | Part of a magnet where the magnetic effects is strongest. always occur in pairs |
| Magnetic field | The area surrounding a magnet in which the magnetic forces of attraction or repulsion can act. |
| Battery | Converts chemical energy into electrical energy. made of several cells |
| Load | A device that uses electrical energy to do work |
| Series | A circuit in which all parts are connected in a single loop so charges can only flow through one path |
| Parallel | A circuit in which different loads are located on separate branches so that charges can flow through more than one path |
| Go out | If one light bulb on a series circuit goes out the other light bulbs will |
| Stay lit | If one light bulb on a parallel circuit goes out the other light bulbs will |
| Electromagnetism | The interaction between electricity and magnetism |
| Solenoid | A coil of wire that produces a magnetic field when carrying an electric current |
| Electromagnet | A magnet that consists of a solenoid wrapped around an iron core |
| Electric motor | A device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy |
| Electric Generator | A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy |
| Increase resistance | Adding devices to a series circuit will ___________ between the devices. |
| Decreases resistance | Adding devices to a parallel circuit will ___________ between the devices. |
| Become dimmer and dimmer | When adding light bulbs to a series circuit you can expect the light bulbs to ____ |
| Stay about the same level of brightness | When adding light bulbs to a parallel circuit you can expect the light bulbs to ____ |
| Semiconductor | Material that allows only some electrical current to pass through |
| Ohm's Law | I = V/R |
| Relationship between voltage and resistance | inverse, increase resistance then voltage decreases |
| Relationship between current and voltage | direct, increase voltage then current increases |
| Relationship between current and resistance | inverse, increase resistance then voltage decreases |
| AC | alternating current |
| DC | direct current |
| Law of Electric Charges | likes repel, opposites attract |
| conduction | charging objects through direct contact |
| induction | charging objects through indirect contact |
| friction | charging objects from wiping electrons from one object onto another. |
| strength of the electric force depends on | size of charges and distance between charges |
| electric field | the region around a charged particle that can exert a force on another charged particle |
| Law of Conservation of Charge | Charge CANNOT be created and CANNOT be charged it can only transfer from one object to another and IS CONSERVED. |
| electric energy | energy associated with the movement of electrons |
| fuses and circuit breakers | devices used to protect buildings from electrical fires |
| circuits safety features | fuses, circuit breakers and insulation around wires |
| generator | device that converts electrical kinetic energy of a spinning magnet into electrical energy |
| Magnetic force | force of repulsion or attraction between the poles of magnets |
| if you cut a magnet in half | you end up with two pieces, each with a north pole and a south pole |
| each load gets the FULL amount of voltage | parallel circuit |
| the voltage is SPLIT among all the loads | series circuit |
Created by:
rudolph.beukes
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