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Respiratory
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| asthma | chronic condition. Wheeze. Inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the airways. Increased airway sensitivity. |
| Leukitriene modifer | leukotriene receptor antagonist or leukotrine synthesis inhibitor |
| asthma rescue med | - beta2 agonist (short acting) - Albuterol |
| asthma control med | - beta2 agonist (short acting) - Albuterol, |
| What is the most effective drug used to tx acute bronchospasm/exercise induced asthma? | beta agonist |
| Leukotriene Modifiers are not appropriate for____and are used for ____. | acute attacks; maintenance of asthma |
| Theophylline is what type of drug and used primarily for what diagnosis? | Methylxanthines; COPD |
| How is theophylline administered? | IV/PO. IV given very slowly |
| What are the most effective antiasthma drugs? | Glucocorticoids |
| What are the uses for glucocorticoids for asthma? | to prevent inflammation and to manage chronic asthma |
| What are the AE of inhaled glucocorticoids?how can they be minimized? | oropharyngeal candidiasis, dysphonia; rinse mouth out after tx and use a spacer |
| Name 5 nursing interventions that help the client with bronchitis. | baseline ABGs, lowest FIO2 possible to prevent Co2 retention, monitor for fluid overload, maintain Po2 between 55 and 60, Teach pursed lip breathing and diaphragmatic breathing, teach tripod position |
| Describe the pathophysiological changes experienced by the client with emphysema (5). | reduced gas exchange surface area, increased air trapping, increased AP diameter, decreased capillary network, increase work of breathing/O2 consumption |
| What does the laryngopharynx do? | passage for breathing and eating. Tonsils and adenoids are located here |
| what prevents food from falling into the trachea? | epiglottis |
| where does oxygen/CO2 exchange take place? | alveolar capillary membrane |
| What kind of blood does the pulmonary vein carry from the lungs | oxygenated |
| Treatment for respiratory alkalosis | measures to slow resp rate, breathing into paper bag, sedation |
| Asthma | affects only the airways, not the alveoli |
| what type of info is given by a pulse oximetry? | oxygen content in hemoglobin |
| Positive Mantoux skin test | infection or exposure of TB |
| Fluroscopy | the thoracic cavity with all its contents in motion |
| Bronchoscopy. What do you tell them about food and fluids? | NPO 6h prior to the procedure |
| Complications of bronchoscopy? | Hypotension, broncospasms, bradycardia, pneumothorax, aspirtation, hypoxemia, bleeding, dysrythmias |
| Postop care of bronchoscopy? | NPO until gag reflex is back, semi-fowlers position, hemoptysis, stridor, decreased or asymmetric chest movement, diminished lung sounds. May be blood in sputum bc of throat irritation |
| Nursing intervention to prevent atleltasis | deep breathing/coughing this aids in lung expansion and expectoration of respiratory secretions. |
| Lip pursed lip breathing promotes | Carbon dioxide elimination. Inhibits airway collapse and decrease dyspnea in pt with chronic lung diease |
| What can pt use postop to prevent atelectasis? | Incentive spirometer |
| What helps patients liquefy respiratory secretions? | aerosol therapy |
| Atelectasis | abnormal collapse of distal lung parenchyma |
| CPAP (continuous positive air pressure) | ventilator support when pt breathes spontaneously. Pressure above atmospheric maintained at the airway throughout breathing |
| Common S/E of decongestants? | Hypertension |
| Severe form of pharyngitis are viral in origin, what else can be a cause? | Strep throat |
| How long after onset of s/s if strep throat is contagious? | 2-3 days |
| Tx for PT with strep throat | warm saline gargles, assess level of pain, frequent oral care, meds |
| What indicates suction in a chest tube? | gentle bubbling in chamber |
| Flutter valve | Will make pt cough and clear secretions. Often used after a bronchodilator. Pt. blows INTO device. |
| Tracheotomy | surgical incision into the trachea to create an airway. |
| Hyperplasia | increase in tissue volume with the addition of new cells |
| Hypertrophy | increase in tissue volume with a result of ENLARGEMENT but NOT increase in the number of new cells |
| Pink puffer | Emphysema |
| Blue Boater | Chronic Bronchitis |
| Emphysema and Chronic bronchitis lead to | destruction of alveolar walls |
| wheezing is a sign of | airway obstruction |
| Metastasis of larynx cancer include | pain in the larynx radiating to the ear |
| The throat of a pt with rhinitis will be | erythema and/or edema |
Created by:
paigemccabe10
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