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HB: Chapter 6

TermDefinition
Origin The attached end of a skeletal muscle that remains relatively stationary.
Insertion The attached end of a skeletal muscle that attaches to another bone ACROSS a joint.
Myofibril Long cylindrical structures packed with actin and myosin, arranged in parallel within a muscle cell.
Sarcomere A segment of a myofibril from one Z-line to the next.
Actin and Myosin Muscle proteins that alternate within a myofibril.
Motor Neuron Nerve cell that stimulates a muscle cell to contract.
Neuromuscular Junction The intersection between motor neuron and skeletal muscle cell. Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter released into this space.
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Similar to the Smooth ER, this is series of membrane bound chambers that store Ca+ ions.
Sliding Filament Mechanism Sarcomeres shorten when the thick and thin filaments slide past each other in order to produce a contraction.
Oxygen debt After exercise, extra oxygen is required to metabolize lactic acid produced by anaerobic respriation.
Creatine Phosphate A temporary storage molecule of phosphorus beyond ATP.
Motor Unit The motor neuron and all of the muscle cells it controls.
All or None Principle Describes how muscle cells always respond with a complete cycle of contraction and relaxation (twitch).
Recruitment Activation of more motor units as strain or intensity increases. (More motor neurons)
Summation Increasing muscle cell force by increasing the rate of stimulation of motor units. (Rate of stimulation)
Muscular Dystrophy Genetic disorder that decreases muscular strength.
Tetanus Bacterial infection. Toxin causes sustained muscular contraction.
Created by: dmainvil
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