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UBC Pulmonary terms
Pulmonary acronyms for UBC med 1012
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Primary Symbols: P,V,F,Q | Pressure, Volume, Fraction, Volume of Blood |
| Secondary Symbols: I, E, A, a, v, c | Inspired gas, Expired gas, Alveolar gas arterial blood, venous blood, capillary blood |
| What does the dot over a symbol mean? | Time derivative of a physical quantity (the given quantity per unit time) |
| VE, Vo2, VCO2 | VE Minute Ventilation Vo2 O2 consumption VCO2 CO2 production |
| FIO2 | Fraction of Inspired Oxygen |
| Bf | Breathing frequency |
| Vd | Volume of Dead space |
| PAO2 & PaO2 | Partial pressure of Alveolar O2 (calculated) Partial pressure of arterial O2 (measured) Discrepancy more than 10mmHg denotes pathology |
| TLC, VC, IC, FRC or TGV | Total lung capacity Vital capacity-(TLC-RV) Inspiratory Capacity (TLC-FRC) Functional Residual Capacity (RV+ expr. reserve vol or TLC-IC) |
| IRV, RTV, ERV, RV | Inspiratory Reserve volume(above normal tidal) Resting Tidal volume Expiratory reserve volume (amount blown out beyond tidal volume) Residual volume (air leftover after max exhalation) |
| FVC | Forced vital capacity: Volume of air blown out (after a deep breath in) when told to blow out as fast as possible. |
| SVC | Slow vital capacity: Volume of air blown out (after a deep breath in) when told to blow out slowly |
| FEV1 | Forced Expiratory volume in 1 second |
| FEV1/FVC | Ratio helps differentiate between pathologies Obstructive- low ratio Restrictive- Normal to high ratio |
| FEF25-75% | Forced Expiratory Flow for the middle 50% ->average rate of flow (usually a straight line) |
| PEF | Peak Expiratory Flow |
| How is RV measured? | Find TLC with Helium dilution or plethysmography then subtract the vital capacity measured by spirometry. (TLC-VC= RV) |
| How do you calculate the partial pressure of O2 in the alveoli? | [(Patm-PH2O)*FIO2] - (PACO2/R) [(760-47)*0.21]- [(measured PaCO2)/0.8] (assuming PACO2=PaCO2) |
| What are the normal partial pressures of O2 and CO2 in mixed venous blood? | O2=40 mmHg CO2=45 mmHg |
| What are the normal partial pressures of O2 and CO2 in the alveolus and the equilibrated blood? | O2=100mmHg CO2=40mmHg |
| What would the extreme of the Dead space V/Q mismatch result in for alveolar partial pressures? | O2=150mmHg CO2= 0mmHg (no circulation ->no diffusion) |
| What are the partial pressures for the extreme of the Shunt-like V/Q mismatch? | O2=40mmHg (alveolus and blood) CO2=45mmHg (alveolus and blood) |
| Why does increased ventilation decrease CO2 but not increase O2 content? | Inc. ventilation allows CO2 to "blow off" at a faster rate. Inc. PO2 does not greatly increase the content of O2 in the blood as the majority of content depends on the sigmoidal hemoglobin saturation which is not improved by increasing ventilation. |
| What are the two forces that keep the intraleural space at negative pressure? | Elastic recoil of the lungs and chest expasion Amount of Elastic recoil->Elastance Compliance->opposite of elastance |
| What is normal resting intrapleural pressure | ~ -5mmH2O |
Created by:
ubcmed2012
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