Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Cell Cycle and DNA
Cell Cycle (Mitosis and Meiosis) and DNA Structure and Function
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell Cycle | A regular sequence of growth and division that cells go through; allows you to repair damaged and worn out cells, replace dead cells, and grow |
| Interphase | The longest part of the cell cycle where the cell grows to its full size, DNA replicates, and the cell prepares to divide. The cell spends 90% of its life in Interphase |
| Mitosis | The division of the nucleus; occurs in body cells. Broken into 4 phases (PMAT) |
| Prophase | The first step of mitosis; chromatin condenses into chromosomes, the nuclear membrane disappears, and the spindle fibers form. Prophase = chromosomes pair up |
| Metaphase | The second step of mitosis; spindle fibers attach to the centromeres and chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell,. Metaphase = middle |
| Anaphase | The third step of mitosis; spindle fibers pull apart the chromatids. Anaphase = apart |
| Telophase | The last part of mitosis; the nuclear membrane reforms, chromatids uncoil into chromatin. Telophase = two cells |
| Cytokinesis | The division of the cytoplasm, which begins during telophase. |
| Chromosome | A tightly coiled form of DNA (X) |
| Chromatid | 1/2 of a chromosome (1/2 of the X) |
| Centromere | Holds the two chromatids together |
| Centriole | Tubes that release spindle fibers that attach to the chromosomes during mitosis |
| Adenine | A nucleotide that pairs with Thymine to make up the "rungs" of the DNA ladder. |
| Thymine | A nucleotide that pairs with Adenine to make up the "rungs" of the DNA ladder |
| Guanine | A nucleotide that pairs with Cytosine to make up the "rungs" of the DNA ladder |
| Cytosine | A nucleotide that pairs with Guanine to make up the "rungs" of the DNA ladder |
| Karyotype | An image of the complete set of chromosomes of a cell, usually displayed as an arrangement of homologous chromosomes in descending order of size |
| Mutation | A change in gene or chromosome, which could have beneficial, neutral, or negative effects on the organism |
| Gene mutation | A change in a gene; occurs in body cells and is not passed on to offspring. |
| Chromosome mutation | A change in a chromosome; occurs during meiosis and is passed on to offspring |
Created by:
Bella200
Popular Biology sets