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Biology
Gas Exchange, Transport, Reproduction Concepts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the steps of gas exchange? | Absorb O¬2¬ in lungs, deliver O2 to cells, absorb CO2 into blood, deliver CO2 to lungs |
| What are some adaptations that make gas exchange more efficient in the representative organisms? | Skin breathing, expanding mouth cavity, diaphragm |
| Why is it that animals can go for days without eating but will die after only a few minutes without oxygen? | Glucose/nutrients can be ‘scavenged’ from body tissue, but O2 can’t be stored |
| How do the representative organisms (minnow, plant, human) use gas exchange to maintain homeostasis? | Various answers . . . see notes |
| Compare and contrast active and passive transport in organisms. | Active transport uses energy and moves materials up the concentration gradient, passive uses no energy and moves materials down the concentration gradient. |
| Compare and contrast open and closed circulatory systems including advantages and disadvantages of each | Open systems have no vessels, closed do. Both require a pump (heart) to circulate blood. |
| Describe animals with single and double loop circulation. | Single loop circulation doesn’t allow blood to become repressurized, double loop does. |
| Describe the structure and function of arteries, veins, and capillaries, including information about blood pressure, vessel size, and the direction of the blood flow. | Arteries are high pressure, thick-walled, and carry blood away from the heart. Veins are low pressure, thin-walled, and carry blood toward the heart. |
| Describe the pathway of blood flow through a mammalian heart. | vena cava--> R atrium--> R ventricle--> pulm. artery--> lungs--> pulm. vein--> L atrium--> L ventricle--> aorta |
| What is the purpose of reproduction? | Ensure the continuation of the species and the individuals’ DNA. |
| What are the similarities and differences between asexual and sexual reproduction? | Asexual = no partner, simpler, no variation Sexual = partner, complex, more variation |
| How does the increase in genetic variation due to sexual reproduction allow organisms to evolve in response to a changing environment? | More variation = greater chance that an advantageous trait will exist and be favored by natural selection. |
| What are the risks in raising monocultures? | Higher chance of crop loss due to disease. |
| What are the similarities and differences between male and female sex cells? | - Male cells (sperm) are small, motile, and haploid - Female cells (eggs) are large, stationary, and haploid |
| What are some examples of sexual selection? | Deer antlers, bower bird nests, peacock tail feathers |
| What characteristics do many successful invasive species share? | High rates of reproduction, few natural predators, generalists |
| What are the effects of invasive species to ecosystems? | Loss of local biodiversity, various economic consequences |
Created by:
PLHSBiology1
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