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APES Final Review
Review cards for 2016 final exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Using this form of energy does not directly release CO2 into the atmosphere... | electricity |
| In the daylight hours, demand and cost for electricity compares to night time | Higher demand and greater cost in the day light hours. |
| Car pooling, riding the bus or trains Dressing for the weather Eating lower on the food chain Walking, biking, using the stairs | Habits that will conserve energy |
| True or false? Uranium is a fossil fuel. | Uranium is not a fossil fuel. |
| Globally this is the most abundant fossil fuel resource | Coal |
| Relate coal to solar energy | Through photosynthesis, coal is trapped solar radiation. |
| global climate change Ecosystem damage Black lung disease accidents at mines | dangers associated with coal |
| Which fuel resources is most commonly used? | crude oil |
| potential for spills that damage marine ecosystems | hazard unique to crude oil |
| President Clinton, in the 1990s, protected what natural resource? | Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) |
| Lack of energy storage High initial costs Low insolation (available sunlight) Intermittent generation | Obstacles to fully adopting solar power generation |
| Does not contribute to acid rain Low greenhouse emission Hg and Pb not released into environment Less mining impact compared to coal | Advantages of nuclear power |
| What's new in nuclear power generation? | smaller, less expensive, simpler and safer power plants. |
| Water is composed of... | two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen |
| A hydrogen atom in one molecule being attracted to an oxygen atom of another | hydrogen bonding |
| Watershed | area of land drained into a single river |
| Water table | upper limit of unconfined, underground water reservoir |
| Groundwater | water moving through permeable rock and sediment |
| Irrigation | greatest use of fresh water |
| flood plain | area around a river most likely to flood |
| More building constructed in flood plains nowadays compared to the past | increases destructive effects of floods |
| removing too much groundwater | can result in sinkholes forming |
| A cause of increased precipitation in some areas and a decrease in others | future climate change |
| About how many people, worldwide, do not have access to safe drinking water? | 1 billion |
| Where in the USA are water problems most severe? | Southwest, Colorado river basin |
| Reservoir | artificial lake for water storage |
| Desalinization | major industry in Saudi Arabia |
| wash only full loads of laundry don't run faucet while brushing teeth or shaving reduce shower time to less than 10 min | ways to conserve water |
| Escherichia coli (E. coli) | bacterium indicating fecal/sewage contamination of water |
| Erosion | leads to sediment pollution |
| Turbidity (how cloudy the water is) | decreases light penetration and lowers photosynthesis rate |
| Synthetic organic compound pollution | can lead to adverse hormonal effects |
| Mercury and lead | can result in mental impairment |
| Fecal coliform test on water | tests for presence/absence of E. coli |
| HIV/AIDS | not shown to be transmitted by contaminated food an water |
| Mercury (Hg) emissions | produced by and linked to coal fired power plants |
| Thermal pollution | lowers dissolved oxygen (DO) in water |
| Eutrophication | Increased photosynthetic productivity reduced biodiversity caused by nutrient enrichment reduces dissolved oxygen (DO ) |
| Oligotrophic lakes | have naturally occurring low levels of nutrients |
| Large of sewage in water | increases biological oxygen demand (BOD) and thus reduces dissolved oxygen (DO) |
| Gulf of Mexico dead zone is | area of hypoxia (reduction or absence of oxygen) caused by decomposition of algae |
| when pollution is discharged into the environment from a pipe | point source pollution |
| How much water pollution is attributable to agriculture? | about three-quarters (72%) |
| Identify a unique source of pollution in the Ganges River of India? | ash from cremated human remains |
| Chlorination in water treatment | disinfects/kills pathogenic organisms |
| Primary water treatment | removes suspended particles |
| Secondary water treatment | decomposes organic wastes via anaerobic organisms |
| the EPA has authority to monitor emission limits under what law? | Clean Water Act (CWA) |
| Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RECRA) prevents groundwater contamination by ... | regulating the storage and disposal of hazardous wastes |
| Sewage is initially degraded by... | primary treatment |
Created by:
ccarlough
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