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Evolution Unit 5
Evolution vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| acquired characteristic | A characteristic developed during an individual's lifetime; it is not passed on to succeeding generations. |
| adaptation | A variation in an inherited trait that makes the organism better able to survive in a changing environment. |
| amino acids | The basic building blocks of proteins. They contain an amine group and a carboxyl group. |
| asexual reproduction | Reproduction involving only one parent by using the process of mitosis. The offspring are genetically identical to the parent and to each other. |
| biocide | A chemical that is used to kill living organisms. |
| biotic factors | Living things and their effect on each other. |
| chromosome | A structure found in the cell nucleus that is made of DNA and protein. It contains the hereditary information. |
| cloning | The production of genetically identical organisms. |
| common ancestors | Organisms from which closely related organisms have evolved. |
| differentiation | The processes that causes the cells of an organism to develop into specialized tissues and organs. The cells get their different jobs. |
| diversity | A condition in which differences or variety exist, as opposed to uniformity. |
| DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) | The nucleic acid that stores the hereditary information or genetic material. It is made of repeating units called nucleotides. |
| ecosystem | The interaction of living things and their nonliving environment. |
| egg cell | The female monoploid (n) gamete or sex cell. This cell contains half the normal amount of DNA, with single chromosomes, not pairs. |
| embryo | An organism in the early stages of development |
| environment | All the living and nonliving things that surround a living thing. |
| extinction | The destruction of all members of a particular species. |
| fossil | The remains or traces of an organism that lived long ago. |
| gametes | Monoploid sex cells produced in gonads by meiotic cell division; sperm and egg. |
| gene frequency | The percentage of individuals in a population carrying a particular gene. |
| genetics | The study of DNA and how the hereditary information is transmitted from one generation to the next. |
| geographic isolation | The separation of a population by a natural barrier that prevents them from interbreeding. This eventually results in the development of new species |
| habitat | The portion of the environment in which an organism exists. |
| homologous structures | Structures that have the same basic arrangement and evolutionary origin, although not necessarily the same function. |
| mammals | Animals with hair on their bodies who give birth to living young; the young are nourished on milk from female mammary glands. |
| meiosis, meiotic cell division | Cell division that produced gametes (sex cells, eggs and sperm). Produces cells with half the normal amount of DNA for that species and the cells are all unique. |
| migration | The movement of animals from one region or community to another. |
| mitosis, mitotic cell division | Cell division that produces two identical cells each with the normal (2n) number of chromosomes. |
| mutation | A change in the genetic material |
| natural selection | Darwin's evolutionary theory that states that there are variations in organisms that will make some organisms better fitted for survival than others. |
| niche | An organism's particular role in the community. |
| nucleus | A large, membrane-enclosed organelle that contains the chromosomes; the control center of the cell. |
| offspring | The result of the reproduction of organisms |
| organism | An individual living thing |
| selective breeding | The manipulation of reproductive processes to produce offspring with specialized traits; choosing mates or crossing traits to produce offspring that have desired traits |
| sexual reproduction | A form of reproduction in which two gametes fuse to form a new individual |
| species | A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring |
| succession | The replacement of one type of community by another until the stable climax community is reached, which remains in place until it is destroyed by some catastrophe. |
| toxic | Poisonous. |
| trait | A characteristic of an organism |
| variation | |
| Evolution | |
| heritability | |
| resistance | |
| artificial selection | The manipulation of reproductive processes to produce offspring with specialized traits; choosing mates or crossing traits to produce offspring that have desired traits |
| population | |
| competition | |
| offspring | |
| recombination of genes | |
| competition |
Created by:
Dr. Lamont
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