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Oceans Test

QuestionAnswer
Salinity A measure of the amount of dissolved salts in a given amount of water. Measured in parts per thousand.
Thermocline A layer in a body of water in which water temperature drops with increased depth faster than it does in other layers.
Pack ice A floating layer of sea ice that completely covers an area of the ocean surface.
Density The ratio of the mass of substance to the volume of the substance, commonly expressed as grams per cubic centimeter for solids and liquids and as grams per liter for gases.
What are the three main dissolved gases found in the ocean water? Nitrogen, N2, Oxygen, O2, Carbon dioxide, CO2
What are the four ways that gases can enter the ocean water? 1. From streams and rivers 2. Underwater volcanoes 3. Given off by marine organisms 4. From the atmosphere(contributes the most)
What is the relationship between water temperature and the amount of dissolved gases it contains? Cold water contains more dissolved oxygen.
What is the relationship between the temperature and density of ocean water? Colder water is more dense.
What are the two factors that change the salinity of ocean water? Precipitation and evaporation
Surface current A horizontal movement of ocean water that is caused by wind and that occurs at or near ocean's surface.
Deep current A stream like movement of ocean water far below the surface.
Trade winds Global winds between 0 and 30 latitude.
Westerlies Global winds between 30 and 60 latitude.
Coriolis effect The curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to Earth's rotation.
Gyre A huge circle of moving ocean water found above and below the equator.
Sargasso Sea A vast area of calm, warm water in the middle of the North Atlantic Gyre. Named after Saragossa, a type of seaweed, that floats on top of the water.
Describe the characteristics of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. World's largest current, also called the West Wind Drift. Cold, surface current.
Describe the characteristics of the Equatorial Counter-current. Weak/ eastward-flowing current that runs in the opposite direction of the equatorial currents. Warm, surface current.
Describe the characteristics of the Gulf Stream. Fast moving, warm surface current that flows up along the East Coast of the U.S.
Describe the characteristics of the North Atlantic Current. Flows from the Gulf Stream. Warm surface current
Describe the characteristics of the Antarctica Bottom Water Cold, deep current. Slow moving. Moves northward along the bottom of the ocean from Antarctica.
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