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MCAS Sci/Tech/Eng 1

Study guide for HS Sci-Tech/Eng

TermDefinition
R value a measure of thermal resistance used in the building and construction industry; depends on a solid material's resistance to conductive heat transfer
elasticity the ability of a body to resist stress and to return to its original size and shape when the stress is removed. Solid objects will deform when forces are applied on them. If the material is elastic, the object will return to its initial shape and size
plasticity ability to flow into a new shape under pressure and then retain that shape once the force is removed ex: metal sheets
construction properties R value, plasticity, elasticity, density, strength
zoning laws/building codes purposes (re: design and use of structures) is designating mapped zones which regulate the use, form, design and compatibility of development as well as the required safety concerns re: construction
Bernoulli's Principle the rate of speed of air determines the amount of pressure exerted on a structure; fast air rate = low pressure
Reinforced concrete concrete with steel bars inside; strong against compression and tension forces
Forces in Construction Engineering tension, compression, shear, torsion
fatigue ability to resist constant flexing or bending
static load dead load; load that is unchanging and does not move
dynamic load live load; a load that moves and changes
thermal expansion ability to withstand temperature changes from cold and heat exposure
thermal conductivity measure of how easily electricity flows through a material
benefits of robotics in manufacturing safety, quality, increased production
Conductor A material that allows electricity to flow easily such as copper wire.
Insulators A material that does not allow electricity to flow, such as plastic.
Semi-conductor Can change the flow of electricity under certain conditions .
OHM'S LAW Voltage = current times resistance
circuit components sources, conductors, breakers, fuses, switches, diodes, variable resistors, loads
Fossil Fuels nonrenewable energy such as coal, oil, and natural gas
conduction heat transfer through contact
convection heat transfer via air circulation; hot air rises, pushes cold air down
radiation heat transfer via electromagnetic waves
South windows best way to let in natural light and heat from the sun
Renewable Energy energy that can be recycled and used again such as water power, solar power, wind power and geothermal heat
tension a stretching force, related to tensile strength
compression a squeezing force or response to pressure
shear a sliding and separating force such as wind
torsion a twisting force
open system fluid/gas leaves the system and does NOT recirculate (Sprinkler system)
closed system fluid/gas stays inside the system and recirculates
pneumatic system open system using gases (most commonly air) Examples: dentist drill, jack hammer, nail gun
hydraulic system closed system using fluids (usually oil); it is a Force Multiplier that can handle heavy sustained loads
Pipe resistance caused by curves from elbows in the system, and the diameter of the pipes; more resistance (greater pipe bend angle) slows down the flow of liquids
Created by: mcasTECH
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