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PCS Liv Env
Vocabulary for Topic 2 - Homeostasis in Organisms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| AIDS | disease that results when the HIV virus attacks the human immune system |
| Allergy | person's immune system is overly sensitive to environmental substances that are normally harmless |
| Antibodies | a protein, produced by the immune system, that either attacks invading pathogens or marks them for killing |
| Antigens | a molecule found on the outer surfaces of cells that the immune system recognizes as either part of the body or an outside invader |
| ATP | stores energy in cells |
| Bacteria | single-celled organisms without a distinct nucleus |
| Biochemical Process | a chemical process that occurs in a living thing |
| Catalyst | a substance that can speed up the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed or used up |
| Cellular Respiration | process in which nutrients are broken apart, releases chemical energy |
| Chloroplast | green organelle that contains chlorophyll; where photosynthesis occurs |
| Disease | condition, other than injury, that prevents the body from working as it should |
| Dynamic Equilibrium | the constant small corrections that normally occur to keep an organism's internal environment with the limits needed for survival |
| Enzyme | proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in living things |
| Feedback Mechanism | a cycle in which the output of a system either modifies or reinforces the first action taken by the system |
| Fungi | the kingdom of organisms that are mostly multicellular, have cell walls made of chitin, and are heterotrophic |
| Gas Exchange | the process of obtaining oxygen from the environment and releasing carbon dioxide |
| Glucose | a sugar that is a major source of energy for cells |
| Guard Cells | specialized cells that control the opening and closing of the pores on the surface of a leaf |
| Homeostasis | the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment even when the external environment changes |
| Immune System | the body's primary defense against disease-causing pathogens |
| Insulin | a hormone that prompts glucose to move from the blood into body cells, resulting in a lower glucose level in the blood |
| Microbe | any microscopic organism |
| Mitochondria | pod-shaped organelles that contain enzymes used to extract energy from nutrients |
| Pancreas | an endocrine organ that secretes insulin |
| Parasite | an organism that survives by living and feeding on other organisms |
| Pathogen | an organism that invade the body, causing disease |
| pH | a measure of whether a substance is acidic, neutral, or basic |
| Photosynthesis | the process by which some organisms are able to capture light energy and use it to make food from carbon dioxide and water |
| Respiration | the process by which the chemical bond energy stored in nutrients is released for use in cells |
| Stimuli | any change in the environment that causes an organism to react |
| Synthesis | a life process that involves combining simple substances into more complex substances |
| Vaccine | a substance made of weakened, killed, or partial pathogens and designed to protect the body from future invasions of that pathogen |
| Virus | a nonliving particle of protein and genetic material that reproduces by invading the cell of a living organism |
Created by:
Ms.Sala
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