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Bio Chap. 30
Biology chapter 30 fishes and amphibians
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| tadpole | fish-like larva of a frog or toad |
| nictating membrane | transparent, moveable membrane that covers the eyes if an amphibian |
| caecilians | highly specialized group of burrowing amphibians with small, bony embedded in their skin |
| swim bladder | gas-filled sac used by a bony fish to control buoyancy |
| lateral line | faint line of sense organs along the sides of a fish's body that detect vibrations in water |
| gill | respiratory structure in fish that contains many blood vessels that aid in the absorption of oxygen |
| gill slit | opening between gill arches through which water passes over the gills and out of the body |
| counter-current flow | type of flow where water flows in one direction over the gills and the blood flows in the opposite direction |
| operculum | hard plate that covers the gills of bony fishes |
| teleosts | ray-finned fishes that have a caudal fin, scales and a swim bladder |
| tympanic membrane | another name for the eardrum |
| lung | internal, bag-like organ where gas exchange takes place |
| septum | thick wall between the right and left chambers of the heart |
| pulmonary vein | vein that carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart |
| kidneys | organs that filter water and wastes from blood and excrete products as urine |
| List the 3 main traits of Agnatha | jaw-less, no backbone, retain notochord, small fins (if any) |
| Name 4 Key characteristics of fish | fins, kidneys, endoskeleton, closed-loop circulation |
| External Fertilization | Type of fertilization where the female deposits its eggs and the male fertilizes the eggs outside the female's body |
| List 4 characteristics of amphibians. | legs, lungs, double-loop circulation, cutaneous respiration, partially divided heart |
| List the 3 main groups of amphibians | salamanders, caecilians, frogs & toads |
| Name 3 kinds of fish that reproduce by using internal fertilization | sharks, skates, rays |
| List 3 traits of Chondrichthyes | paired fins, jaws, skeleton made of cartilage |
| List 3 characteristics of salamanders | long tail, elongated body, smooth, moist skin |
| List the 3 groups of modern fishes | Agnatha (jawless), Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous), Osteichthyes (bony) |