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Bio Study Exam 3

QuestionAnswer
Which of the following genotypes show dominant phenotypes?<br><br>A. DD and Dd<br>B. DD and dd<br>C. Dd<br>D. DD<br>E. dd A. DD and Dd
If R is dominant to r, the offspring of a cross of RR with rr will<br><br>A. display same phenotype as RR parent<br>B. have same genotype as rr parent<br>C. display same phenotype as rr parent<br>D. have same genotype as RR parent<br>E. be homozygous A. display same phenotype as RR parent
Which of the following is/are heterozygous?<br><br>A. Bb and BB<br>B. Bb<br>C. Bb and bb<br>D. bb<br>E. BB B. Bb
Which of the following designates a normal human male?<br><br>A. XX<br>B. XO<br>C. XY<br>D. YO<br>E. XXY C. XY
The theory of segregation<br><br>A. explains the behavior of a pair of alleles during meiosis<br>B. applies only to linked genes<br>C. deals with the alleles governing two different traits<br>D. has been disproven<br>E. applies only to sex-linked genes A. explains the behavior of a pair of alleles during meiosis
Mutations that neither harm nor help an organism are called<br><br>A. neutral<br>B. recessive<br>C. dominant<br>D. deleterious<br>E. lethal A. neutral
Which of the following evolve?<br><br>A. phyla<br>B. individuals<br>C. genera<br>D. kingdoms<br>E. populations E. populations
Allopatric speciation requires<br><br>A. adaptive radiation<br>B. rapid evolutionary change<br>C. geographic isolation<br>D. polyploidy<br>E. gradual evolutionary changes C. geographic isolation
In the biological species concept, what aspect of a population is critical in determining species?<br><br>A. similar behavior patterns<br>B. similar genotypes<br>C. interbreeding capabilities<br>D. polyploidy<br>E. physical appearance C. interbreeding capabilities
The punctuation model of evolutionary change proposes that most morphological change occurs<br><br>A. rapidly leading to new species<br>B. gradually during speciation<br>C. gradually without making new species<br>D. rapidly without speciation<br>E. none A. rapidly leading to new species
Which of the following genotypes show(s) recessive phenotypes?<br><br>A. Bb<br>B. BB and bb<br>C. bb<br>D. Bb and BB<br>E. BB C. bb
In Mendel's time, most people believed that<br><br>A. only some forms of animals and plants bred true<br>B. inheritance was controlled by blood<br>C. characteristics were blended in offspring<br>D. all traits bred true<br>E. characteristics were inherited C. characteristics were blended in offspring
If all offspring of a cross have the genotype Bb, the parents of the crosses would most likely be<br><br>A. Bb x Bb<br>B. BB x Bb<br>C. Bb x bb<br>D. BB x bb<br>E. none of these D. BB x bb
All of the genes located on a given chromosome comprise a<br><br>A. bridging cross<br>B. wild-type allele<br>C. karyotype<br>D. linkage group<br>E. none of these D. linkage group
A locus is<br><br>A. a dominant allele<br>B. the location for an allele on a chromosome<br>C. an unmatched allele<br>D. a sex chromosome<br>E. a recessive gene B. the location for an allele on a chromosome
According to Darwin, natural selection is based on the ________ foundation in populations.<br><br>A. variations<br>B. acquired traits<br>C. similarities<br>D. weakest members<br>E. noncompetitors A. variations
Fossils found in the lowest geological strata are generally the most<br><br>A. primitive<br>B. widespread<br>C. advanced<br>D. specialized<br>E. complex A. primitive
Complete reproductive isolation is evidence that what has occurred?<br><br>A. speciation<br>B. gene flow<br>C. hybridization<br>D. polyploidy<br>E. extinction A. speciation
Members of the same species would be expected to<br><br>A. resist evolution<br>B. have the same phenotype<br>C. be reproductively isolated from one another<br>D. share the same gene pool<br>E. look alike D. share the same gene pool
Which of the following groups represents the most closely related organisms?<br><br>A taxa<br>B kingdoms<br>C. orders<br>D. genera<br>E. species E. species
Which of the following indicates homozygous genotypes?<br><br>A. Bb<br>B. BB<br>C. BB and bb<br>D. BB and Bb<br>E. bb C. BB and bb
A chromosome that has been broken and rejoined in a reversal sequence has undergone<br><br>A. translocation<br>B. deletion<br>C. inversion<br>D. crossing over<br>E. duplication C. inversion
In an unchanging environment, selection in a well-adapted population is usually<br><br>A. absent<br>B. disruptive<br>C. directional<br>D. stabilizing<br>E. none of these D. stabilizing
True or False: Darwin did not know for sure which mechanisms were responsible for the variation he saw in the species of finches during his observation. True
Which is NOT necessary for sympatric speciation?<br><br>A. geographical barriers<br>B. existing interbreeding populations<br>C. reproductively mature individuals<br>D. "same homeland"<br>E. organisms living together in the same location A. geographical barriers
Scientists have traditionally drawn evolutionary diagrams in the form of<br><br>A. pyramids<br>B. nested squares or boxes<br>C. a set of parallel lines<br>D. a tree<br>E. interlocking circles D. a tree
Which of the following organisms would you expect to find preserved as a fossil?<br><br>A. a shelled arthropod such as a trilobite<br>B. a nematode<br>C. an earthworm<br>D. a jellyfish<br>E. a protistan such as an amoeba A. a shelled arthropod such as a trilobite
If all the offspring of a test cross are alike and resemble the organism being tested, then that parent is<br><br>A. homozygous recessive<br>B. recessive<br>C. incompletely dominant<br>D. heterozygous<br>E. homozygous dominant E. homozygous dominant
A chromosome's gene sequence that was ABCDEFG before modification and ABCDCDEFG afterward is an example of<br><br>A. translocation<br>B. crossing over<br>C. inversion<br>D. duplication<br>E. deletion D. duplication
All of the genes located on a given chromosome comprise a<br><br>A. karyotype<br>B. bridging cross<br>C. wild-type allele<br>D. linkage group<br>E. none of these D. linkage group
New alleles arise by<br><br>A. random mating<br>V. independent assortment<br>C. migration<br>D. mutation<br>E. genetic drift D. mutation
Which of the following is NOT a useful indicator of phylogenetic relatedness?<br><br>A. similar embryonic development<br>B. base sequences in DNA<br>C. amino acid sequences in a protein<br>D. similar ecological requirements<br>E. morphological divergence D. similar ecological requirements
If a daughter expresses an X-linked recessive gene, she inherited the trait from<br><br>A. her father<br>B. her mother<br>C. neither parent<br>D. her grandmother<br>E. both parents E. both parents
Speciation caused by the break of the continents would be by<br><br>A. gene flow<br>B. allopatry<br>C. divergence<br>D. sympatry<br>E. parapatry B allopatry
Fossils would include<br><br>A. tracks<br>B. shells<br>C. seeds<br>D. skeletons<br>E. all of these E. all of these
Isolating mechanisms that take effect before or during fertilization are termed<br><br>A. genetically divergent<br>B. hybridizing<br>C. persistent<br>D. postzygotic<br>E. prezygotic E. prezygotic
Which of the following would be the least satisfactory organism for genetic research?<br><br>A. peas<br>B. corn<br>C. humans<br>D. fruit flies<br>E. bacteria C. humans
Which of the following serve as examples of morphological convergence?<br><br>A. apes and monkeys<br>B. panthers and tigers<br>C. sharks, skates, and rays<br>D. sharks, penguins, and porpoises<br>E. mice, rats, and gerbils D. sharks, penguins, and porpoises
The gradual model of evolutionary change proposes that most morphological change occurs<br><br>A. gradually without developing new species<br>B. gradually during speciation<br>C. rapidly without speciation<br>D. rapidly forming new species<br>E. none B. gradually during speciation
Allopatric speciation requires<br><br>A. rapid evolutionary change<br>B. gradual evolutionary changes<br>C. geographic isolation<br>D. polyploidy<br>E. adaptive radiation C. grographic isolation
If tall (T) is dominant to dwarf (d), and TT and dd are crossed, what kind of offspring will be produced?<br><br>A. 3/4 tall, 1/4 dwarf<br>B. 1/2 tall, 1/2 dwarf<br>C. all dwarf<br>D. all tall<br>E. all intermediate forms D. all tall
Various forms of a gene at a given locus are called<br><br>A. chromatids<br>B. autosomes<br>C. alleles<br>D. loci<br>E. chiasmata C. alleles
Which mutations are NOT subject to natural selection?<br><br>A. neutral<br>B. morphological<br>C. beneficial<br>D. physiological<br>E. lethal A. neutral
According to Mendel, what kind of genes "disappears" in F<sub>1</sub> plants?<br><br>A. lethal<br>B. dominant<br>C. sex-linked<br>D. codominant<br>E. recessive E. recessive
Which of the following arose first?<br><br>A. fungi<br>B. protists<br>C. archaebacteria<br>D. animals<br>E. plants C. archaebacteria
Biologists believe mitochnodria<br><br>A. were once separate, free-living organisms, not organelles<br>B. were symbionts, where mcndrn and cell inhabited both benefitted<br>C. Mcndrl DNA was parallel to but older than nuclear DNA<br>D. all<br>E. none D. all
The term "reproductive isolating mechanism" refers to<br><br>A. process where sexual selection evolves in populations<br>B. inability of species to reproduce<br>C. blocked gene flow between populations<br>D. areas where males compete for females<br>E. all C. blocked gene flow between populations
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