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Phylum Chordata
Exploring Creation with Biology - Module 13 (Phylum Chordata) Definitions
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Vertebrae | Segments of bone or some other hard substance that are arranged into a backbone |
Notochord | A rod of tough, flexible material that runs the length of a creature's body, providing the majority of its support |
Endoskeleton | A skeleton on the inside of a creature's body, typically composed of bone or cartilage |
Bone marrow | A soft tissue inside the bone that produces blood cells |
Axial skeleton | The portion of the skeleton that supports and protects the head, neck, and trunk |
Appendicular skeleton | The portion of the skeleton that attaches to the axial skeleton and has the limbs attached to it |
Closed circulatory system | A circulatory system in which the oxygen-carrying blood cells never leave the blood vessels |
Arteries | Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart |
Capillaries | Tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that allow the exchange of gases and nutrients between the blood and cells |
Veins | Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart |
Olfactory lobes | The regions of the brain that receive signals from the receptors in the nose |
Cerebrum | The lobes of the brain that integrate sensory information and coordinate the creature's response to that information |
Optic lobes | The regions of the brain that receive signals from the receptors in the eyes |
Meddula oblongata | The lobes that control vital functions, such as those of the circulatory and respiratory systems, and transport signals from the brain to the spinal cord |
Internal fertalization | The process by which the male places sperm inside the female's body, where the eggs are fertilized |
External fertalization | The process by which the female lays eggs and the male fertilizes them once they are outside of the female |
Oviparous development | development that occurs in an egg which is hatched outside the female's body |
Ovoviviparous development | development that occurs in an egg which is hatched inside the female's body |
Viviparous development | development that occurs inside the female, allowing the offspring to gain nutrients and vital substances from the mother through a placenta |
Anadromous | A lifecycle in which creatures are hatched in fresh water, migrate to salt water as adults, and then go back to fresh water in order to reproduce |
Bile | A mix of salts and phospholipids that aids in the breakdown of fat |
Atrium | A heart chamber that receives blood |
Ventricle | A heart chamber from which blood is pumped out |
Ectothermic | Lacking an internal mechanism for regulating body heat |
Hibernation | A state of extremely low metabolism |
Cerebellum | The lobe that controls involuntary actions and refines muscle movement |
Amphibian Characteristics (6) | Bone endoskeleton ◙ Smooth skin w/ capillaries and pigments (no scales) ◙ 2 pairs of webbed feet ◙ Up to 4 respiratory organs ◙ 3-chambered heart ◙ Oviparous w/ external fertilization |